Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides an interlayer film for laminated glass which has excellent sound insulating properties even when the thickness is reduced, and also hardly causes optical unevenness. 
     An interlayer film for laminated glass includes at least one layer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the shear storage modulus of the layer A at 70° C. as measured by performing a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz in accordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1 MPa or more, and a layer having a higher shear storage modulus than the layer A is provided on at least one surface of the layer A, and at least one surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass is in a state of having been shaped.

This application is a U.S. National Stage Application under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2015/081666, filed Nov. 10,2015, which claims priority to Japan Application No. JP 2014-228354filed Nov. 10, 2014 and Japan Application No. JP 2014-246710 filed Dec.5, 2014. Each of the above-referenced applications is expresslyincorporated by reference herein its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glassand a laminated glass.

BACKGROUND ART

Conventionally, in the case where construction with glass is carried outin a place requiring sound insulation such as windows, a method in whicha sound insulating effect is increased by increasing the thickness ofthe glass to increase the weight, or a method in which a soundinsulating effect is increased by using a laminated glass in which twoor more glass plates and an interlayer film are laminated has beencarried out. In the latter method using an interlayer film, the soundinsulating properties of the glass are improved by the dampingperformance of the interlayer film and the performance of the interlayerfilm for converting vibrational energy to thermal energy.

As a method for improving the sound insulating properties, an interlayerfilm in which a copolymer of polystyrene and a rubber-based resin islaminated with a plasticized polyvinyl acetal-based resin has beenproposed (see, for example, PTL 1).

Further, an interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glasswhich are composed of polyvinyl butyral and have certain impactresistance and sound insulating properties have been proposed (see, forexample, PTL 2).

As a method for producing a laminated glass having favorable soundinsulating properties, a method for producing a laminated glassincluding forming an interlayer film having a three-layer structure bysandwiching a layer containing a copolymer of styrene and a rubber-basedresin monomer between layers containing a thermally adhesive resin andlaminating the interlayer film with two or more glasses (see, forexample, PTL 3 or PTL 4) and a method for producing a laminated glassusing a laminate having improved adhesiveness between layers bylaminating a layer A containing a polyvinyl acetal and a layer Bcontaining a polyolefin (see, for example, PTL 5) have been proposed.

Further, recently, from the viewpoint of energy saving, the improvementof fuel efficiency of cars and the like has become a bigger issue.

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1: JP-A-2007-91491

PTL 2: WO 2005/018969

PTL 3: JP-A-2009-256128

PTL 4: JP-A-2009-256129

PTL 5: JP-A-2012-006406

SUMMARY OF INVENTION Technical Problem

In order to improve fuel efficiency of cars, it is considered that theweight of the laminated glass itself is reduced, but it is necessary toreduce the thickness of the glass. However, a conventional laminatedglass has a problem that the sound insulating properties aredeteriorated by reducing the thickness.

However, in such a laminated glass, a layer to be used in the interlayerfilm for the laminated glass may decrease the haze of the laminatedglass or cause optical unevenness when producing the laminated glass insome cases.

In particular, optical unevenness is likely to occur when a soundinsulating interlayer film is embossed. Optical unevenness occurs at aninterface between an inner layer and an outer layer of the interlayerfilm for laminated glass, and therefore, it is considered that thetransfer of the shape to the inner layer when the interlayer film isembossed has an influence on the optical unevenness. In order not tocause optical unevenness, examination of the embossing conditions orshaping of the surface by melt fracture is performed, however, theoccurrence of optical unevenness cannot be sufficiently suppressed.

Accordingly, the invention solves the above problems and has its objectto provide an interlayer film for laminated glass which has excellentsound insulating properties even when the thickness is reduced, and alsohardly causes optical unevenness and a laminated glass using the same.

Further, a limiting object of the invention is to provide an interlayerfilm for laminated glass which has excellent sound insulating propertieseven when the thickness is reduced, hardly causes optical unevenness,and also has excellent heat creep resistance.

Solution to Problem

As a result of intensive studies for achieving the above objects, thepresent inventors found that a laminated glass using an interlayer filmfor laminated glass having a specific structure has excellent soundinsulating properties even when the thickness is reduced, and alsohardly causes optical unevenness.

That is, the objects of the invention are achieved by providing:

[1] an interlayer film for laminated glass, including at least one layerA containing a thermoplastic elastomer, wherein

the shear storage modulus of the layer A at 70° C. as measured byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1 MPa or more, and a layer having ahigher shear storage modulus than the layer A is provided on at leastone surface of the layer A, and

at least one surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass is in astate of having been shaped;

[2] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [1], whereinthe elastic limit of the layer A at 20° C. is 4 N or more;

[3] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [1] or [2],wherein the height of an embossed portion of the shaped surface is from10 to 150 μm;

[4] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [3], wherein the peak maximum in tan δ as measured for the layer A byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 appears in the range of −10 to 30° C.;

[5] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [4], wherein the height of the peak maximum in tan δ as measured forthe layer A by performing a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequencyof 1,000 Hz in accordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1.3 or more;

[6] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [5], wherein as the layer having a higher shear storage modulus thanthe layer A, a layer B containing a thermoplastic resin is provided;

[7] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [6], whereinthe content of a plasticizer in the layer B is 50 parts by mass or lesswith respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin;

[8] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [6] or [7],wherein the thermoplastic resin in the layer B is a polyvinyl acetalresin;

[9] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [6] or [7],wherein the thermoplastic resin in the layer B is an ionomer resin;

[10] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [9], wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film forlaminated glass is sandwiched between two glasses with the totalthickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has a sound transmissionloss at 4,000 Hz as measured under the conditions of ASTM E 90-09 of 37dB or more;

[11] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to anyone of [1]to [10], wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is composed of a hardsegment block and a soft segment block, and the hard segment block is apolystyrene block or a polymethyl methacrylate block;

[12] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [11], wherein a heat shielding material is contained in at least oneof the layers constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass;

[13] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [12], wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film forlaminated glass is sandwiched between two clear glasses with the totalthickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has a visible lighttransmittance of 70% or more and an average transmittance of infraredlight in the wavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm of 70% or less;

[14] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [13], wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film forlaminated glass is sandwiched between two green glasses with the totalthickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has a visible lighttransmittance of 70% or more and an average transmittance of infraredlight in the wavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm of 32% or less;

[15] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to anyone of [1]to [14], wherein the heat shielding material is at least one materialselected from tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, zincantimonate, metal-doped tungsten oxide, a phthalocyanine compound,aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and lanthanum hexaboride;

[16] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [15], whereinthe metal-doped tungsten oxide is cesium-doped tungsten oxide;

[17] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [16], wherein a UV absorber is contained in at least one of thelayers constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass;

[18] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to [17], whereinthe UV absorber is at least one compound selected from the groupconsisting of a benzotriazole-based compound, a benzophenone-basedcompound, a triazine-based compound, a benzoate-based compound, amalonic ester-based compound, and an oxalic anilide-based compound;

[19] the interlayer film for laminated glass according to any one of [1]to [18], wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film forlaminated glass is sandwiched between two glasses with the totalthickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has a haze of 5 or less; and

[20] a laminated glass, including the interlayer film for laminatedglass according to anyone of [1] to [19] disposed between two glasses.

Advantageous Effects of Invention

According to the invention, an interlayer film for laminated glass and alaminated glass which have excellent sound insulating properties evenwhen the thickness is reduced, and also hardly cause optical unevennesscan be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exemplary cross-sectional view of the structure of alaminate.

FIG. 2 shows an exemplary measurement result of tan δ 11 of a layer Ameasured by performing a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of1,000 Hz in accordance with ASTM D4065-06.

FIG. 3 shows an exemplary measurement result of shear complex modulus G*12 of the layer A measured by performing a dynamic viscoelasticity testat a frequency of 1,000 Hz in accordance with ASTM D4065-06.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary schematic view of a laminated glass to be usedfor evaluation of heat creep resistance.

FIG. 5 is an exemplary schematic view in the case where an iron plate isbonded to the laminated glass to be used for evaluation of heat creepresistance.

FIG. 6 is an exemplary schematic view in the case where the laminatedglass to which the iron plate is bonded is leaned against a stand forevaluation of heat creep resistance.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described, however,the invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[Layer A]

The interlayer film for laminated glass of the invention includes atleast one layer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer. The layer A isrequired to have a shear storage modulus at 70° C. as measured byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 of a predetermined value or more.

The layer A to be used in a laminate constituting the interlayer filmfor laminated glass of the invention contains a composition containing aspecific thermoplastic elastomer. By constituting the layer A by thecomposition containing a specific thermoplastic elastomer, the soundinsulating properties of a laminate to be obtained can be improved. Thethermoplastic elastomer refers to a polymer compound which is softenedto exhibit plasticity when heated and is solidified to exhibit rubberelasticity when cooled, and is distinguished from a thermoplastic resin.

From the viewpoint of achieving both moldability and sound insulatingproperties, examples of the type of the thermoplastic elastomer includethermoplastic elastomers such as a polystyrene-based elastomer (softsegment: polybutadiene, polyisoprene, or the like, hard segment:polystyrene), a polyolefin-based elastomer (soft segment: ethylenepropylene rubber, hard segment: polypropylene), a polyvinylchloride-based elastomer (soft segment: polyvinyl chloride, hardsegment: polyvinyl chloride), a polyurethane-based elastomer (softsegment: polyether or polyester, hard segment: polyurethane), apolyester-based elastomer (soft segment: polyether, hard segment:polyester), a polyamide-based elastomer (soft segment: polypropyleneglycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, or polyester-based orpolyether-based, hard segment: polyamide <nylon resin>), and apolybutadiene-based elastomer (soft segment: amorphous butyl rubber,hard segment: syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene resin). The abovethermoplastic elastomers may be used alone or two or more types may beused in combination.

It is preferred to use a block polymer (block copolymer) having at leastone hard segment and at least one soft segment in the thermoplasticelastomer of the invention from the viewpoint of achieving bothmoldability and sound insulating properties also in a thin laminatedglass due to favorable rubber elasticity. Further, from the viewpoint offurther improving the sound insulating properties, it is more preferredto use a thermoplastic elastomer in which the hard segment block is apolystyrene block or a polymethyl methacrylate block.

From the viewpoint of hardly causing optical unevenness at an interfacebetween the layers of the interlayer film for laminated glass when thesurface of the interlayer film for laminated glass is shaped, thecontent of the hard segment block in the thermoplastic elastomer ispreferably 5 mass % or more, more preferably 10 mass % or more, furthermore preferably 12 mass % or more, particularly preferably 13 mass % ormore, and most preferably 15 mass % or more.

From the viewpoint of ensuring the sound insulating properties of theinterlayer film for laminated glass, the content of the hard segmentblock in the thermoplastic elastomer is preferably 40 mass % or less,more preferably 30 mass % or less, and further more preferably 25 mass %or less.

Further, in the thermoplastic elastomer of the invention, a rubber suchas natural rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, chloroprenerubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber,urethane rubber, silicone rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber,acrylic rubber, or fluororubber may be used.

It is preferred from the viewpoint of achieving both of the function asa rubber exhibiting sound insulating properties and the function as aplastic that at least one type of the thermoplastic elastomer in theinvention is a block copolymer having a hard segment block such as anaromatic vinyl polymer block (hereinafter sometimes referred to as“polymer block (a)”) and a soft segment block such as an aliphaticunsaturated hydrocarbon polymer block (hereinafter sometimes referred toas “polymer block (b)”), for example, a polystyrene-based elastomer.

In the case where a block copolymer having at least one aromatic vinylpolymer block and at least one aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon polymerblock is used as the thermoplastic elastomer, the bonding form of thesepolymer blocks is not particularly limited, and may be any of linear,branched, and radial bonding forms, or a bonding form in which two ormore of these bonding forms are combined, but is preferably a linearbonding form.

Examples of the linear bonding form include, when the aromatic vinylpolymer block is represented by “a” and the aliphatic unsaturatedhydrocarbon polymer block is represented by “b”, a diblock copolymerrepresented by “a-b”, a triblock copolymer represented by “a-b-a” or“b-a-b”, a tetrablock copolymer represented by “a-b-a-b”, a pentablockcopolymer represented by “a-b-a-b-a” or “b-a-b-a-b”, an (a-b)nX-typecopolymer (X represents a coupling residue, and n represents an integerof 2 or more), and a mixture of these. Among these, a diblock copolymeror a triblock copolymer is preferred, and as the triblock copolymer, atriblock copolymer represented by “a-b-a” is more preferred.

The total amount of the aromatic vinyl monomer unit and the aliphaticunsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in the block copolymer ispreferably 80 mass % or more, more preferably 95 mass % or more, andfurthermore preferably 98 mass % or more with respect to the totalmonomer units. Incidentally, the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbonpolymer block in the block copolymer may be partially or completelyhydrogenated.

The content of the aromatic vinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer ispreferably 5 mass % or more, more preferably 10 mass % or more, furthermore preferably 12 mass % or more, particularly preferably 13 mass % ormore, and most preferably 15 mass % or more with respect to the totalmonomer units in the block copolymer. When the content of the aromaticvinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer is less than 5 mass %, thelaminate tends to be difficult to mold. The content of the aromaticvinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer can be obtained from thecharging ratio of the respective monomers when synthesizing the blockcopolymer and the measurement result of ¹H-NMR of the block copolymer,or the like.

The content of the aromatic vinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer ispreferably 40 mass % or less, more preferably 30 mass % or less, andfurthermore preferably 25 mass % or less with respect to the totalmonomer units in the block copolymer. When the content of the aromaticvinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer exceeds 40 mass %, it isdifficult to exhibit the characteristics as the thermoplastic elastomer,and thus, the sound insulating properties tend to be deteriorated. Thecontent of the aromatic vinyl monomer unit in the block copolymer can beobtained from the charging ratio of the respective monomers whensynthesizing the block copolymer and the measurement result of ¹H-NMR ofthe block copolymer, or the like.

In the aromatic vinyl polymer block, a monomer other than the aromaticvinyl monomer may be copolymerized if the amount is small. The ratio ofthe aromatic vinyl monomer unit in the aromatic vinyl polymer block ispreferably 80 mass % or more, more preferably 95 mass % or more, andfurther more preferably 98 mass % or more with respect to the totalmonomer units in the aromatic vinyl polymer block.

Examples of the aromatic vinyl monomer constituting the aromatic vinylpolymer block include styrene; alkylstyrene such as α-methylstyrene,2-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene,4-cyclohexylstyrene, and 4-dodecylstyrene; arylstyrene such as2-ethyl-4-benzylstyrene, 4-(phenylbutyl) styrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene,and 2-vinylnaphthalene; halogenated styrene; alkoxystyrene; and vinylbenzoate. These may be used alone or two or more types may be used incombination.

Further, in the aromatic vinyl polymer block, a monomer other than thearomatic vinyl monomer may be copolymerized if the amount is small.Examples of the monomer other than the aromatic vinyl monomer includeunsaturated monomers such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene,1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 4-phenyl-1-butene,6-phenyl-1-hexene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 4-methyl-1-butene,3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-hexene,4-methyl-1-hexene, 5-methyl-1-hexene, 3,3-dimethyl-1-pentene,3,4-dimethyl-1-pentene, 4,4-dimethyl-1-pentene, vinylcyclohexane,hexafluoropropene, tetrafluoroethylene, 2-fluoropropene, fluoroethylene,1,1-difluoroethylene, 3-fluoropropene, trifluoroethylene,3,4-dichloro-1-butene, norbornene, and acetylene; (meth)acrylate-basedmonomers such as methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate; and conjugateddiene monomers such as butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene,isoprene, cyclopentadiene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,3-octadiene, and1,3-cyclooctadiene. The content of the monomer other than the aromaticvinyl monomer is preferably less than 40 mol % with respect to the totalmonomer units in the aromatic vinyl polymer block.

The content of the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in theblock copolymer is preferably 60 mass % or more, more preferably 70 mass% or more, and further more preferably 80 mass % or more with respect tothe total monomer units in the block copolymer. When the content of thealiphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in the block copolymer isless than 60 mass %, the characteristics as the thermoplastic elastomertend to be difficult to exhibit.

The content of the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in theblock copolymer is preferably 95 mass % or less, more preferably 90 mass% or less, and further more preferably 88 mass % or less with respect tothe total monomer units in the block copolymer. When the content of thealiphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in the block copolymerexceeds 95 mass %, the laminate tends to be difficult to mold. Thecontent of the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer unit in theblock copolymer can be obtained from the measurement result of ¹H-NMR ofthe block copolymer, or the like.

In the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon polymer block, a monomer otherthan the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer may be copolymerizedif the amount is small. The ratio of the aliphatic unsaturatedhydrocarbon monomer unit in the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbonpolymer block is preferably 80 mass % or more, more preferably 95 mass %or more, and further more preferably 98 mass % or more with respect tothe total monomer units in the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon polymerblock.

As the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monomer in the aliphaticunsaturated hydrocarbon polymer block, it is preferred to use aconjugated diene monomer. The type of the conjugated diene monomer isnot particularly limited, however, examples thereof include butadiene,1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, isoprene, cyclopentadiene,1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,3-octadiene, and 1,3-cyclooctadiene. Theseconjugated diene monomers may be used alone or two or more types may beused in combination. Among the conjugated diene monomers, it ispreferred to use butadiene or isoprene. Further, it is more preferred touse butadiene and isoprene in combination. The content of the conjugateddiene in the polymer block is preferably 60 mass % or more, morepreferably 70 mass % or more, further more preferably 80 mass % or more,and particularly preferably 90 mass % or more. When the ratio of theconjugated diene monomer unit is within the above range, it is easy toexhibit the characteristics as the thermoplastic elastomer such asrubber elasticity, and thus, the sound insulating properties tend to beimproved.

Examples of the monomer other than the conjugated diene monomer as thealiphatic saturated hydrocarbon monomer in the aliphatic unsaturatedhydrocarbon polymer block include unsaturated monomers such as ethylene,propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene,1-decene, 4-phenyl-1-butene, 6-phenyl-1-hexene, 3-methyl-1-butene,4-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene,3-methyl-1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-hexene, 5-methyl-1-hexene,3,3-dimethyl-1-pentene, 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentene, 4,4-dimethyl-1-pentene,vinylcyclohexane, hexafluoropropene, tetrafluoroethylene,2-fluoropropene, fluoroethylene, 1,1-difluoroethylene, 3-fluoropropene,trifluoroethylene, 3,4-dichloro-1-butene, norbornene, and acetylene.

From the viewpoint of ease of availability, handleability, and ease ofsynthesis, the above aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer ispreferably a conjugated diene. In the case where a conjugated diene isused as the monomer constituting the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbonpolymer block, from the viewpoint of improving the heat creep resistancesuch as heat stability and the weather resistance such as a change incolor difference, it is preferred to use a hydrogenated product in whichthe polymer block (b) containing the conjugated diene monomer unit ispartially or completely hydrogenated. By hydrogenating the polymer block(b), the amount of residual carbon-carbon double bonds derived from theconjugated diene monomer unit can be adjusted.

From the viewpoint of improving the heat creep resistance, the amount ofresidual carbon-carbon double bonds derived from the conjugated dienemonomer unit is preferably 2 mol % or more, more preferably 3 mol % ormore, further more preferably 4 mol % or more, and particularlypreferably 5 mol % or more.

From the viewpoint of improving the weather resistance such assuppression of a change in color difference in the case where thelaminated glass is used for a long period of time, the amount ofresidual carbon-carbon double bonds derived from the conjugated dienemonomer is preferably 40 mol % or less, more preferably 35 mol % orless, further more preferably 30 mol % or less, and particularlypreferably 25 mol % or less.

From the viewpoint of mechanical characteristics and moldingprocessability, the weight average molecular weight of the blockcopolymer is preferably 30,000 or more, and more preferably 50,000 ormore. Further, the weight average molecular weight of the blockcopolymer is preferably 400,000 or less, and more preferably 300,000 orless.

The ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number averagemolecular weight (Mw/Mn) of the block copolymer is preferably 1.0 ormore. Further, the ratio of the weight average molecular weight to thenumber average molecular weight (Mw/Mn) of the block copolymer ispreferably 2.0 or less, and more preferably 1.5 or less. Here, theweight average molecular weight is a weight average molecular weight interms of polystyrene determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC)measurement, and the number average molecular weight is a number averagemolecular weight in terms of polystyrene determined by GPC measurement.

A production method for the block copolymer is not particularly limited,however, the block copolymer can be produced by, for example, an anionicpolymerization method, a cationic polymerization method, a radicalpolymerization method, or the like. For example, in the case of anionicpolymerization, specific examples of the method include:

(i) a method in which an alkyl lithium compound is used as an initiator,and the aromatic vinyl monomer, the conjugated diene monomer, and thenthe aromatic vinyl monomer are sequentially polymerized;

(ii) a method in which an alkyl lithium compound is used as aninitiator, and the aromatic vinyl monomer and the conjugated dienemonomer are sequentially polymerized, and then, a coupling agent isadded to couple the polymers; and

(iii) a method in which a dilithium compound is used as an initiator,and the conjugated diene monomer, and then the aromatic vinyl monomerare sequentially polymerized.

In the case where a conjugated diene is used as the aliphaticunsaturated hydrocarbon monomer, by adding an organic Lewis base in theanionic polymerization, the amount of 1,2-bonds and the amount of3,4-bonds in the thermoplastic elastomer can be increased, andtherefore, the amount of 1,2-bonds and the amount of 3,4-bonds in thethermoplastic elastomer can be easily controlled by the addition amountof the organic Lewis base.

Examples of the organic Lewis base include esters such as ethyl acetate;amines such as triethylamine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine(TMEDA), and N-methylmorpholine; nitrogen-containing heterocyclicaromatic compounds such as pyridine; amides such as dimethyl acetamide;ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), anddioxane; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether anddiethylene glycol dimethyl ether; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide;and ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.

In the case where an unhydrogenated polystyrene-based elastomer issubjected to a hydrogenation reaction, the obtained unhydrogenatedpolystyrene-based elastomer is dissolved in a solvent inert to ahydrogenation catalyst, or the unhydrogenated polystyrene-basedelastomer is used as it is without being isolated from the reactionmixture, and is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenationcatalyst, whereby the hydrogenation can be carried out.

Examples of the hydrogenation catalyst include Raney nickel; aheterogeneous catalyst obtained by supporting a metal such as Pt, Pd,Ru, Rh, or Ni on a carrier such as carbon, alumina, or diatomaceousearth; a Ziegler catalyst composed of a transition metal compound and analkyl aluminum compound, an alkyl lithium compound, or the like incombination; and a metallocene-based catalyst. The hydrogenationreaction can be generally performed under the conditions that thehydrogen pressure is 0.1 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less, the reactiontemperature is 20° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower, and the reactiontime is 0.1 hours or more and 100 hours or less.

The thickness of the layer A is preferably 20 μm or more, morepreferably 30 μm or more, and furthermore preferably 50 μm or more. Whenthe thickness of the layer A is less than 20 μm, the sound insulatingproperties tend to be deteriorated. In the case where a plurality oflayers A are included in the laminate constituting the interlayer filmfor laminated glass of the invention, it is preferred that the totalthickness of the layers A satisfies the above conditions.

The thickness of the layer A is preferably 400 μm or less, morepreferably 250 μm or less, and further more preferably 200 μm or less.When the thickness of the layer A exceeds 400 μm, in the case where alaminated glass is formed, the mechanical characteristics such aspenetration resistance are deteriorated, and thus, the safetyperformance as a laminated glass tends to be impaired. In the case wherea plurality of layers A are included in the laminate constituting theinterlayer film for laminated glass of the invention, it is preferredthat the total thickness of the layers A satisfies the above conditions.

To the layer A, a resin other than the above-mentioned elastomer, or anyof various additives such as a heat shielding material (for example,inorganic heat shielding fine particles or an organic heat shieldingmaterial having an infrared absorbing ability), an antioxidant, a UVabsorber, a light stabilizer, an adhesive strength adjusting agent, ablocking inhibitor, a pigment, and a dye may be added as needed.

The heat shielding material may be contained in any of the layer A, andthe below-mentioned layer B and layer C, and may be contained in onlyone of these layers or may be contained in a plurality of layers. In thecase where the heat shielding material is contained, from the viewpointof suppressing optical unevenness, the heat shielding material ispreferably contained in at least one layer A.

Examples of the heat shielding material include tin-doped indium oxide(ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO),a phthalocyanine compound (NIOBP), a naphthalocyanine compound, acompound having an anthracyanine skeleton, metal-doped tungsten oxiderepresented by the general formula: M_(m)WO_(n) (M represents a metalelement, and m is 0.01 or more and 1.0 or less, and n is 2.2 or more and3.0 or less), zinc antimonate (ZnSb₂O₅), and lanthanum hexaboride. Amongthese, ITO, ATO, and metal-doped tungsten oxide are preferred from theviewpoint of infrared absorbability, and metal-doped tungsten oxide isparticularly preferred. Examples of the metal element represented by Min the metal-doped tungsten oxide include Cs, Tl, Rb, Na, and K, and inparticular, CWO (cesium-doped tungsten oxide) constituted by Cs ispreferred. From the viewpoint of heat shielding properties, the above mis preferably 0.2 or more, and more preferably 0.3 or more. Further, theabove m is preferably 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.4 or less. Fromthe viewpoint of infrared absorbability, the phthalocyanine compound ispreferably a compound coordinated with nickel (II).

In the case where the heat shielding material is contained in the layerA, the infrared absorbing ability of the heat shielding material isproportional to the optical path length (m) when infrared light passesthrough the layer A and the concentration (g/m³) of the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer A. Therefore, the infrared absorbing ability ofthe heat shielding material is proportional to the area density (g/m²)of the heat shielding material in the layer A.

In the case where cesium-doped tungsten oxide is used as the heatshielding material in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 0.10 or more, more preferably 0.15 ormore, and further more preferably 0.20 or more. When the area density(g/m²) of the heat shielding material in the layer A is less than 0.10,a sufficient heat shielding effect tends to be difficult to obtain. Inthe case where cesium-doped tungsten oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 1.00 or less, more preferably 0.70 or less, andfurther more preferably 0.50 or less. When the area density (g/m²) ofthe heat shielding material in the layer A exceeds 1.00, in the casewhere a laminated glass is formed, the visible light transmittance tendsto be decreased, the haze tends to be deteriorated, the weatherresistance tends to be decreased, or the change in color differencetends to be increased.

In the case where tin-doped indium oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 0.50 or more, more preferably 1.00 or more,furthermore preferably 1.50 or more, particularly preferably 2.25 ormore, and most preferably 3.00 or more. In the case where tin-dopedindium oxide is used as the heat shielding material in the layer A, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 15.00or less, more preferably 10.50 or less, and further more preferably 7.50or less.

In the case where antimony-doped tin oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 or more, andfurthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case where antimony-dopedtin oxide is used as the heat shielding material in the layer A, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 10.00or less, more preferably 7.00 or less, and further more preferably 5.00or less.

In the case where a phthalocyanine compound is used as the heatshielding material in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 0.010 or more, more preferably 0.015 ormore, and further more preferably 0.020 or more. In the case where aphthalocyanine compound is used as the heat shielding material in thelayer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material ispreferably 0.100 or less, more preferably 0.070 or less, and furthermore preferably 0.050 or less.

In the case where aluminum-doped zinc oxide is used as the heatshielding material in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 ormore, and furthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case wherealuminum-doped zinc oxide is used as the heat shielding material in thelayer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material ispreferably 10.00 or less, more preferably 7.00 or less, and further morepreferably 5.00 or less.

In the case where zinc antimonate is used as the heat shielding materialin the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding materialis preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 or more, and furthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case where zinc antimonate is usedas the heat shielding material in the layer A, the area density (g/m²)of the heat shielding material is preferably 10.00 or less, morepreferably 7.00 or less, and further more preferably 5.00 or less.

In the case where lanthanum hexaboride is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer A, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 0.02 or more, more preferably 0.03 or more, andfurther more preferably 0.04 or more. In the case where lanthanumhexaboride is used as the heat shielding material in the layer A, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 0.20 orless, more preferably 0.14 or less, and further more preferably 0.10 orless.

In the case where the heat shielding material is contained in theinterlayer film for laminated glass of the invention, the heat shieldingmaterial may be contained in at least one layer of the layer Aconstituting the interlayer film for laminated glass, a layer having ahigher shear storage modulus than the layer A, and a layer B, a layer C,or the like which may be included as needed. Above all, it is preferredthat the heat shielding material is contained in at least the layer A.Further, in such a case, it is preferred that a UV absorber is containedin at least one layer, and it is more preferred that at least one typeof UV absorber is contained in the layer B. By configuring theinterlayer film for laminated glass as described above, for example, inthe case where the layer A is used as an inner layer and the layer B isused as an outer layer, the thermoplastic elastomer in the layer A isprotected from UV light, and also the heat shielding properties of theinterlayer film for laminated glass can be enhanced, and also theoptical unevenness can be suppressed.

The UV absorber which can be used in the invention is not particularlylimited, however, examples thereof include benzotriazole-based UVabsorbers such as 2-(5-chloro-2-benzotriazolyl)-6-tert-butyl-p-cresol,2-(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-[2-hydroxy-3,5-bis(α,α′-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole,2-(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole,2-(3,5-di-t-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, and2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-t-octylphenyl)benzotriazole; hindered amine-based UVabsorbers such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidylbenzoate,bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate,bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-2-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-n-butylmalonate,and4-(3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy)-1-(2-(3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy)ethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;and benzoate-based UV absorbers such as2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, andhexadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. Additional examples of theUV absorber include a triazine-based compound, a benzophenone-basedcompound, a malonic ester compound, and an oxalic anilide compound.

Examples of the triazine-based compound include6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-t-butylanilino)-2,4-bis-octylthio-1,3,5-triazine,6-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylanilino)-2,4-bis-octylthio-1,3,5-triazine,6-(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-t-butylanilino)-2,4-bis-octylthio-1,3,5-triazine,and 2-octylthio-4,6-bis-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-oxyanilino)-1,3,5-triazine. Inthis description, the triazine-based compound is regarded as fallingunder the category of a UV absorber and is not regarded as falling underthe category of an antioxidant.

Examples of the benzophenone-based compound include2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone,2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-carboxybenzophenone, and2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone.

Examples of the malonic ester compound include dimethyl2-(p-methoxybenzylidene) malonate,tetraethyl-2,2-(1,4-phenylenedimethylidene)bismalonate, and2-(p-methoxybenzylidene)-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piper idinyl)malonate.

Examples of a commercially available product of the malonic estercompound include Hostavin B-CAP, Hostavin PR-25, and Hostavin PR-31 (allare manufactured by Clariant, Inc.).

Examples of the oxalic anilide compound include oxalic diamides havingan aryl group or the like substituted on a nitrogen atom such asN-(2-ethylphenyl)-N′-(2-ethoxy-5-t-butylphenyl)oxalic diamide,N-(2-ethylphenyl)-N′-(2-ethoxy-phenyl)oxalic diamide, and2-ethyl-2′-ethoxy-oxyanilide (“Sanduvor VSU” manufactured by Clariant,Inc.).

In the case where a UV absorber is contained in the layer A, the areadensity (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer A is preferably 0.1 ormore, more preferably 0.2 or more, and further more preferably 0.5 ormore. When the area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer A is0.1 or more, in the case where a laminated glass is formed, the hazetends to be improved, the weather resistance tends to be maintained, orthe change in color difference tends to be suppressed.

In the case where a UV absorber is contained in the layer A, the areadensity (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer A is preferably 10 orless, more preferably 9 or less, and further more preferably 8 or less.When the area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer A exceeds10, in the case where a laminated glass is formed, the visible lighttransmittance tends to be decreased, the haze tends to be deteriorated,the weather resistance tends to be decreased, or the change in colordifference tends to be increased.

The addition amount of the UV absorber is preferably 10 ppm or more, andmore preferably 100 ppm or more on a mass basis with respect to theresin contained in the layer A. When the addition amount is less than 10ppm, it is sometimes difficult to exhibit a sufficient effect.Incidentally, it is also possible to use two or more types of UVabsorbers in combination.

The addition amount of the UV absorber is preferably 50,000 ppm or less,and more preferably 10,000 ppm or less on a mass basis with respect tothe resin contained in the layer A. Even if the addition amount is setto more than 50,000 ppm, a marked effect cannot be expected.

Examples of the antioxidant include a phenolic antioxidant, aphosphorus-based antioxidant, and a sulfur-based antioxidant. Amongthese, a phenolic antioxidant is preferred, and an alkyl-substitutedphenolic antioxidant is particularly preferred.

Examples of the phenolic antioxidant include acrylate-based compoundssuch as2-t-butyl-6-(3-t-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)-4-methylphenylacrylate,and2,4-di-t-amyl-6-(1-(3,5-di-t-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)phenylacrylate;and alkyl-substituted phenolic compounds such as2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol,octadecyl-3-(3,5-)di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate,2,2′-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),4,4′-butylidene-bis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),4,4′-butylidene-bis(6-t-butyl-m-cresol),4,4′-thiobis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol),bis(3-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methane,3,9-bis(2-(3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionyloxy)-1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecan e,1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl)butane,1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trione,1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene,tetrakis(methylene-3-(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)propionate)methane,and triethylene glycolbis(3-(3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionate).

Examples of the phosphorus-based antioxidant include monophosphite-basedcompounds such as tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphate,triphenylphosphite, diphenylisodecylphosphite,phenyldiisodecylphosphite, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite,tris(dinonylphenyl)phosphite, tris(2-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl)phosphite,tris(cyclohexylphenyl)phosphite,2,2-methylenebis(4,6-di-t-butylphenyl)octylphosphite,9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,10-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,and 10-decyloxy-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene; anddiphosphite-based compounds such as4,4′-butylidene-bis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenyl-di-tridecylph osphite),4,4′-isopropylidene-bis(phenyl-di-C12-15-alkyl phosphite),4,4′-isopropylidene-bis(diphenyl-mono-C12-15-alkyl phosphite),1,1,3-tris(2-methyl-4-di-tridecylphosphite-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, andtetrakis(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)-4,4′-biphenylene phosphite. Among these,monophosphite-based compounds are preferred.

Examples of the sulfur-based antioxidant include dilauryl3,3′-thiodipropionate, distearyl 3,3-thiodipropionate, laurylstearyl3,3′-thiodipropionate,pentaerythritol-tetrakis-(β-lauryl-thiopropionate), and3,9-bis(2-dodecylthioethyl)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]und ecane.

The antioxidants can be used alone or two or more types can be used incombination. The area density of the antioxidant in the layer A ispreferably 0.1 g/m² or more, more preferably 0.2 g/m² or more, andfurther more preferably 0.5 g/m² or more. When the area density of theantioxidant in the layer A is less than 0.1 g/m², the layer A is easilyoxidized, and in the case where the laminated glass is used for a longperiod of time, the change in color difference is increased, and so on,and thus, the weather resistance tends to be decreased.

The area density of the antioxidant in the layer A is preferably 2.5g/m² or less, more preferably 1.5 g/m² or less, and further morepreferably 2.0 g/m² or less. When the area density of the antioxidant inthe layer A exceeds 2.5 g/m², the color tone of the layer A tends to beimpaired or the haze of the laminated glass tends to be decreased.

The blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 0.001 parts by massor more, and more preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more with respect to100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic elastomer. When the amount of theantioxidant is less than 0.001 parts by mass, it is sometimes difficultto exhibit a sufficient effect.

The blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 5 parts by mass orless, more preferably 4 parts by mass or less, and further morepreferably 3 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass ofthe thermoplastic elastomer. Even if the amount of the antioxidant isset to more than 5 parts by mass, a marked effect cannot be expected.

Examples of the light stabilizer include a hindered amine-based lightstabilizer, for example, “ADEKA STAB LA-57 (trade name)” manufactured byADEKA Corporation and “Tinuvin 622SF (trade name)” manufactured by CibaSpecialty Chemicals, Inc. The blending amount of the light stabilizer ispreferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.05 parts bymass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplasticresin such as a polyvinyl acetal resin. When the amount of the lightstabilizer is less than 0.01 parts by mass, it is sometimes difficult toexhibit a sufficient effect. Further, the content of the lightstabilizer is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 5parts by mass or less. Even if the amount of the light stabilizer is setto more than 10 parts by mass, a marked effect cannot be expected. Thearea density of the light stabilizer in the layer B is preferably 0.05g/m² or more, and more preferably 0.5 g/m² or more. Further, the areadensity is preferably 70 g/m² or less, and more preferably 30 g/m² orless.

In order to adjust the adhesive strength between the layer A and a layer(for example, the below-mentioned layer B) having a higher shear storagemodulus than the layer A, an adhesive strength adjusting agent may beadded to the layer A or the layer having a higher shear storage modulusthan the layer A. Examples of the adhesive strength adjusting agentinclude polyolefins having an adhesive functional group such as acarboxyl group, a carboxyl group derivative group, an epoxy group, aboronic acid group, a boronic acid group derivative group, an alkoxylgroup, or an alkoxyl group derivative group.

In particular, in the case where the layer B is used as the layer havinga higher shear storage modulus than the layer A, and a polyvinyl acetalresin is used in the layer B, by adding a polyolefin having an adhesivefunctional group to the layer A and performing coextrusion molding ofthe layer A and the layer B, the adhesive strength between the layer Aand the layer B can be favorably adjusted. The addition amount of thepolyolefin having an adhesive functional group is preferably 20 parts bymass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, and further morepreferably 10 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass ofthe thermoplastic elastomer in the layer A. When the addition amount ofthe polyolefin having an adhesive functional group exceeds 20 parts bymass, in the case where a laminated glass is formed, the haze issometimes deteriorated. As the polyolefin having an adhesive functionalgroup, polypropylene containing a carboxyl group is preferred among theabove-mentioned polyolefins from the viewpoint of ease of availability,ease of adjustment of the adhesiveness, and ease of adjustment of thehaze.

In the case where a component other than the thermoplastic elastomer iscontained in the layer A, the amount of the thermoplastic elastomercomponent in the composition containing the thermoplastic elastomerconstituting the layer A is preferably 60 mass % or more, morepreferably 70 mass % or more, further more preferably 80 mass % or more,particularly preferably 90 mass % or more, and most preferably 95 mass %or more. When the amount of the thermoplastic elastomer in the layer Ais less than 60 mass %, the characteristics as the thermoplasticelastomer tend to be difficult to exhibit or the optical characteristicstend to be impaired.

In the invention, the thermoplastic elastomer is contained in thelaminate in an amount of preferably 5 mass % or more, more preferably 10mass % or more, and further more preferably 13 mass % or more. When theamount of the thermoplastic elastomer in the laminate is less than 5mass %, the sound insulating properties tend to be deteriorated.

The dynamic viscoelasticity of the interlayer film for laminated glassis defined in ASTM D4065-06, and can be measured with, for example, amechanical spectrometer (model: DMA/SDTA861e, manufactured by MettlerToledo, Inc.). The measurement can be performed by a fixed sinusoidalshear oscillation at a frequency of 1,000 Hz with a maximum shear strainamplitude of 0.1%. As a test sample cut out from a polymer sheetobtained by compression molding, a sample having a cylindrical shapewith a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 mm and a diameter of 3 to 5 mm can beused. The measurement can be performed in the range of −20 to 60° C. ata temperature rising rate of 1° C./min. A shear storage modulus (G′) anda shear loss modulus (G″) can be obtained directly from the measurement.A “tan δ” to be used as an index of the damping properties of a polymerand a shear complex modulus (G*) to be used as an index of the dynamicshear stiffness of a polymer can be obtained from the above G′ and G″ asdefined in ASTM D4065-07. In particular, the sensitivity of hearing inhuman beings is high in the frequency range of 1,000 to 5,000 Hz, andtherefore, a tan δ and a shear modulus at 20° C. and 1,000 Hz can beused as the indices for determining the sound insulating properties of apolymer. The interlayer film for laminated glass having a high tan δvalue and a low shear modulus is preferred from the viewpoint of highsound insulating properties and high damping properties. The exemplarymeasurement result of tan δ of the layer A and the exemplary measurementresult of shear complex modulus G*12 of the layer A obtained inaccordance with the above-mentioned measurement method are shown in FIG.2 and FIG. 3, respectively.

The tan δ of the layer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer can bemeasured by performing a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of1,000 Hz in accordance with ASTM D4065-06. The temperature at which thepeak maximum in tan δ (frequency: 1,000 Hz) of the layer A appears ispreferably −10° C. or higher, more preferably −5° C. or higher, andfurther more preferably 0° C. or higher. When the peak maximum in tan δ(frequency: 1,000 Hz) of the layer A appears at a temperature lower than−10° C., the sound insulating properties tend to be difficult to exhibitin a temperature range in which it is used as a laminated glass,particularly, in a high temperature range.

The temperature at which the peak maximum in tan δ (frequency: 1,000 Hz)of the layer A appears is preferably 30° C. or lower, more preferably29° C. or lower, and further more preferably 28° C. or lower. When thepeak maximum in tan δ (frequency: 1,000 Hz) of the layer A appears at atemperature higher than 30° C., the sound insulating properties tend tobe difficult to exhibit in a temperature range in which it is used as alaminated glass, particularly, in a low temperature range.

From the viewpoint of further improving the sound insulating properties,the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer to beused in the layer A is preferably 10° C. or lower, and more preferably−5° C. or lower. The lower limit of the glass transition temperature ofthe thermoplastic elastomer is not particularly limited, however, theglass transition temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer ispreferably −50° C. or higher, and more preferably −40° C. or higher. Asa measurement method for the glass transition temperature, differentialscanning calorimetry (DSC) may be used.

For the layer A in the interlayer film for laminated glass of theinvention, the height of at least one peak in tan δ as measured byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 is preferably 1.3 or more, more preferably1.5 or more, further more preferably 1.6 or more, and particularlypreferably 1.7 or more. When the height of the peak in tan δ (frequency:1,000 Hz) under the above conditions is less than 1.3, the soundinsulating properties of a laminate to be obtained tend to bedeteriorated, and particularly, the sound insulating properties in athin laminated glass tend to be deteriorated.

(Shear Storage Modulus)

The shear storage modulus can be measured based on, for example, adynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz in accordancewith ASTM D4065-06 ora complex shear viscosity test in accordance withJIS K 7244-10. The shear storage modulus is an index of a componentstored inside an object in energy generated from an external force andstrain applied to the object and is obtained from a relationship betweena dynamic modulus and a temperature at a constant temperature risingrate of the measurement temperature using a strain-controlled dynamicviscoelasticity apparatus.

The measurement conditions for the shear storage modulus can beappropriately set, however, for example, the shear storage modulus canbe measured by setting the frequency to 1 Hz and the temperature to −40°C. or higher and 100° C. or lower. In JIS K 7244-10, there are astress-controlled testing method and a strain-controlled testing method.

In JIS K 7244-10, as a testing apparatus, a parallel-plate oscillatoryrheometer can be used. The parallel-plate oscillatory rheometer iscomposed of two coaxial and rigid parallel disks. A test sheet is placedbetween the disks, and one disk is fixed and the other disk isoscillated at a constant frequency, whereby dynamic viscoelasticitycharacteristics such as a shear loss modulus and a shear storage moduluscan be measured.

The diameter of the disk is generally 20 mm or more and 50 mm or less,and the thickness of a test sheet is defined as a distance between thedisks. In order to minimize the measurement error, a test sheet with aweight of about 3 g or more and 5 g or less is used, and the thicknessof the test sheet is desirably in the range of 0.5 mm or more and 3 mmor less. Further, the ratio of the diameter of the disk to the thicknessof the test sheet is desirably in the range of 10 or more and 50 orless. The test sheet is formed into a disk shape by injection molding,compression molding, or cutting out from the sheet. Alternatively, apellet, a liquid, or a molten polymer may be filled between the disks.Further, the gap between the two plates is completely filled with thetest sheet.

In a strain-controlled testing method, a sinusoidal displacement at afixed angular frequency is applied, and the resulting sinusoidal torqueand the phase difference between the torque and the angular displacementare measured. A torque measuring apparatus is connected to one plate andmeasures a torque necessary for deforming the test sheet. An angulardisplacement measuring apparatus is connected to the movable-side plateand measures an angular displacement and a frequency. To the test sheet,either a sinusoidal torque or an angular displacement is applied at aconstant frequency, and from the measured torque and displacement, andthe dimensions of the test sheet, the shear loss modulus and shearstorage modulus are determined.

Further, it is necessary to bring the testing apparatus into a thermalequilibrium state by heating it to a test temperature. The testtemperature is desirably measured by bringing a thermometer into contactwith the fixed-side disk or burying a thermometer therein. The heatingis performed by forced convection, high frequency heating, or anappropriate method. The test sheet and the disks are sufficientlymaintained at the test temperature until they reach a thermalequilibrium state so that the measured values of the shear loss modulusand the shear storage modulus do not change. The equilibration time isdesirably 15 minutes or more and 30 minutes or less.

The shear storage modulus of the layer A at 70° C. as measured byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1 MPa or more, and preferably 1.1 MPaor more. If the shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and70° C.) of the layer A is less than 1 MPa, when the surface of theinterlayer film for laminated glass is shaped, optical unevenness at aninterface between the layers of the interlayer film for laminated glassis likely to occur.

Examples of a method for setting the shear storage modulus (at afrequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) of the layer A to 1 MPa or moreinclude a method in which the content of the hard segment block in thethermoplastic elastomer is set to 5 mass % or more. However, from theviewpoint of ensuring the sound insulating properties of the interlayerfilm for laminated glass, the content of the hard segment block in thethermoplastic elastomer is preferably 40 mass % or less.

The shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) of thelayer A is preferably 5 MPa or less, and more preferably 3 MPa or less.When the shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1 Hz and 70° C.) ofthe layer A is 5 MPa or less, the sound insulating properties at aroundroom temperature tends to be excellent.

The elastic limit of the layer A in the interlayer film for laminatedglass of the invention at 20° C. is preferably 4 N or more, morepreferably 5 N or more, and further more preferably 6 N or more. If theelastic limit of the layer A at 20° C. is less than 4 N, when thesurface of the interlayer film for laminated glass is shaped, opticalunevenness at an interface between the layers of the interlayer film forlaminated glass tends to easily occur.

Examples of a method for setting the elastic limit of the layer A at 20°C. to 4 N or more include a method in which the content of the hardsegment block in the thermoplastic elastomer is set to 5 mass % or more.However, from the viewpoint of ensuring the sound insulating propertiesof the interlayer film for laminated glass, the content of the hardsegment block in the thermoplastic elastomer is preferably 40 mass % orless.

The elastic limit of the layer A at 20° C. is preferably 25 Nor less,and more preferably 15 Nor less. When the elastic limit of the layer Aat 20° C. exceeds 25 N, the sound insulating properties at around roomtemperature are sometimes poor.

The elastic limit of the layer A at 20° C. refers to a yield point whichcan be obtained by measurement under the conditions that a distancebetween chucks is 50 mm and a tensile rate is 100 mm/min using, forexample, an autograph AG-IS manufactured by Shimazu Corporation.

[Layer Having Higher Shear Storage Modulus than Layer A]

The interlayer film for laminated glass of the invention has a layerhaving a higher shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and70° C.) than the layer A on at least one surface of the layer A. By thepresence of the layer having a higher shear storage modulus (at afrequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) than the layer A on at least onesurface of the layer A, when the surface of the interlayer film forlaminated glass is shaped, optical unevenness is less likely to occur atan interface between the layers of the interlayer film for laminatedglass.

The shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) of thelayer having a higher shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hzand 70° C.) than the layer A is preferably 1.1 MPa or more, morepreferably 1.5 MPa or more, and further more preferably 2 MPa or more.Further, the shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and 70°C.) thereof is preferably 500 MPa or less, and more preferably 400 MPaor less. If the shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and70° C.) of the layer having a higher shear storage modulus (at afrequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) than the layer A falls within theabove range, when the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glassis shaped, optical unevenness tends to be less likely to occur at aninterface between the layers of the interlayer film for laminated glass.

A difference in the shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hzand 70° C.) between the layer A and the layer having a higher shearstorage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000 Hz and 70° C.) than the layer Ais preferably 0.2 MPa or more, more preferably 5 MPa or more, andfurther more preferably 1.0 MPa or more. Further, the difference ispreferably 500 MPa or less, and more preferably 400 MPa or less. If thedifference falls within the above range, when the surface of theinterlayer film for laminated glass is shaped, optical unevenness tendsto be less likely to occur at an interface between the layers of theinterlayer film for laminated glass.

[Layer B]

The layer having a higher shear storage modulus (at a frequency of 1,000Hz and 70° C.) than the layer A is preferably a layer B containing athermoplastic resin. The thermoplastic resin refers to a polymercompound which is softened to exhibit plasticity when heated and issolidified when cooled, and is distinguished from a thermoplasticelastomer. By incorporating the thermoplastic resin in the layer B, theweather resistance or strength of the interlayer film for laminatedglass tends to be improved or the bending strength or penetrationresistance of the laminated glass tends to be improved.

The type of the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited,however, examples thereof include a polyvinyl acetal resin, an ionomerresin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a vinyl chlorideresin, a urethane resin, and a polyamide resin.

From the viewpoint of improving the weather resistance or strength ofthe interlayer film for laminated glass or improving the bendingstrength or penetration resistance of the laminated glass, thethermoplastic resin to be used in an outer layer is particularlypreferably a polyvinyl acetal resin or an ionomer resin.

In the case where a composition containing a thermoplastic resin such asa polyvinyl acetal resin is used as the layer B, the layer B containsthe thermoplastic resin such as a polyvinyl acetal resin in an amount ofpreferably 40 mass % or more, more preferably 50 mass % or more, furthermore preferably 60 mass % or more, particularly preferably 80 mass % ormore, and still further more preferably 90 mass % or more, and the layerB may be composed only of the thermoplastic resin such as a polyvinylacetal resin. When the content of the polyvinyl acetal resin in thelayer B is less than 40 mass %, a desired shear storage modulus tends tobe difficult to obtain.

The polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin havingan average acetalization degree of 40 mol % or more. When the averageacetalization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin is less than 40 mol%, the compatibility with a solvent such as a plasticizer is notfavorable. The average acetalization degree of the polyvinyl acetalresin is more preferably 60 mol % or more, and further more preferably65 mol % or more from the viewpoint of water resistance.

The polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin havingan average acetalization degree of 90 mol % or less. When the averageacetalization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin exceeds 90 mol %, ittakes a long time for a reaction for obtaining the polyvinyl acetalresin, and therefore, such an average acetalization degree is notpreferred from the viewpoint of the process. The average acetalizationdegree of the polyvinyl acetal resin is more preferably 85 mol % orless, and further more preferably 80 mol % or less from the viewpoint ofwater resistance.

The polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin inwhich the content of the vinyl acetate unit in the polyvinyl acetalresin is 30 mol % or less. When the content of the vinyl acetate unitexceeds 30 mol %, blocking is likely to occur in the production of theresin, and therefore, it becomes difficult to produce the resin. Thecontent of the vinyl acetate unit in the polyvinyl acetal resin ispreferably 20 mol % or less.

The polyvinyl acetal resin is generally constituted by a vinyl acetalunit, a vinyl alcohol unit, and a vinyl acetate unit, and the amount ofeach of these units can be measured in accordance with, for example, JISK 6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butylal” or by nuclear magneticresonance spectroscopy (NMR).

In the case where the polyvinyl acetal resin contains a unit other thanthe vinyl acetal unit, the amount of a vinyl alcohol unit and the amountof a vinyl acetate unit are measured, and the total amount of theseunits is subtracted from the amount of the vinyl acetal unit in the casewhere a unit other than the vinyl acetal unit is not contained, wherebythe amount of the residual vinyl acetal unit can be calculated.

The polyvinyl acetal resin can be produced by a conventionally knownmethod, and typically produced by acetalization of polyvinyl alcoholusing an aldehyde. Specific examples include the following method.Polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in warm water, and while maintaining theresulting aqueous solution at a predetermined temperature, for example,0° C. or higher and 90° C. or lower, preferably 10° C. or higher and 20°C. or lower, a necessary acid catalyst and an aldehyde are addedthereto, and an acetalization reaction is allowed to proceed whilestirring the resulting mixture. Then, the reaction temperature isincreased to 70° C. to effect aging, and thus, the reaction iscompleted. Thereafter, neutralization, washing with water, and dryingare performed, whereby a polyvinyl acetal resin powder is obtained.

The viscosity-average polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol tobe used as a starting material of the polyvinyl acetal resin ispreferably 100 or more, more preferably 300 or more, further morepreferably 400 or more, still further more preferably 600 or more,particularly preferably 700 or more, and most preferably 750 or more.When the viscosity-average polymerization degree of the polyvinylalcohol is too low, the penetration resistance and heat creepresistance, particularly the heat creep resistance underhigh-temperature and high-humidity conditions such as 85° C. and 85% RHare sometimes deteriorated. Further, the viscosity-averagepolymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 5,000 orless, more preferably 3,000 or less, further more preferably 2,500 orless, particularly preferably 2,300 or less, and most preferably 2,000or less. When the viscosity-average polymerization degree of thepolyvinyl alcohol exceeds 5,000, it becomes difficult to mold a resinlayer.

A material containing the polyvinyl acetal resin as the main componentfor forming the layer B can be obtained by laminating a material, inwhich a polyvinyl acetal resin, particularly a polyvinyl butyral resinis used, the viscosity-average polymerization degree and theacetalization degree are optimized, and a small amount of a plasticizeris used or no plasticizer is used, with the layer A.

Incidentally, the viscosity-average polymerization degree of thepolyvinyl acetal resin coincides with the viscosity-averagepolymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol to be used as thestarting material, and therefore, the preferred viscosity-averagepolymerization degree of the above-mentioned polyvinyl alcohol coincideswith the preferred viscosity-average polymerization degree of thepolyvinyl acetal resin.

It is preferred to set the amount of the vinyl acetate unit in theobtained polyvinyl acetal resin to 30 mol % or less, and therefore, itis preferred to use polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of70 mol % or more. When the saponification degree of the polyvinylalcohol is less than 70 mol %, the transparency or heat resistance ofthe resin is sometimes deteriorated, and also the reactivity with analdehyde is sometimes decreased. The saponification degree thereof ismore preferably 95 mol % or more.

The viscosity-average polymerization degree and the saponificationdegree of the polyvinyl alcohol can be measured in accordance with, forexample, JIS K 6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.

The aldehyde to be used for acetalization of the polyvinyl alcohol ispreferably an aldehyde having a carbon number of 1 or more and 12 orless. When the number of carbon atoms in the aldehyde exceeds 12, theacetalization reactivity is decreased, and moreover, during thereaction, a resin block is likely to be formed, and thus, the synthesisof the resin is likely to involve difficulties.

The aldehyde is not particularly limited, and examples thereof includealiphatic, aromatic, and alicyclic aldehydes such as formaldehyde,acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde,valeraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-heptylaldehyde,n-octylaldehyde, n-nonylaldehyde, n-decylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, andcinnamaldehyde. Among these, an aliphatic aldehyde having a carbonnumber of 2 or more and 6 or less is preferred, and above all,butyraldehyde is particularly preferred. Further, the above aldehydesmay be used alone or two or more types may be used in combination. Inaddition, small amounts of multifunctional aldehydes, aldehydes havingother functional groups, and the like may be used in combination withinthe range of 20 mass % or less of the total aldehydes.

The ionomer is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin, whichhas an ethylene-derived constituent unit and an α,β-unsaturatedcarboxylic acid-derived constituent unit, and in which theα,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid is at least partially neutralized with ametal ion. Examples of the metal ion include a sodium ion. In anethylene-α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer to be used as a basepolymer, the content ratio of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acidconstituent unit is preferably 2 mass % or more, and more preferably 5mass % or more. Further, the content ratio of the α,β-unsaturatedcarboxylic acid constituent unit is preferably 30 mass % or less, andmore preferably 20 mass % or less. In the invention, from the viewpointof ease of availability, an ionomer of an ethylene-acrylic acidcopolymer and an ionomer of an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer arepreferred. As examples of an ethylene-based ionomer, a sodium ionomer ofan ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer and a sodium ionomer of anethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer can be exemplified as particularlypreferred examples.

Examples of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid constituting the ionomerinclude acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, monomethyl maleate,monoethyl maleate, and maleic anhydride. However, acrylic acid andmethacrylic acid are particularly preferred.

To the layer B, as a component other than the thermoplastic resin suchas a polyvinyl acetal resin, further a heat shielding material, a UVabsorber, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an adhesivestrength adjusting agent, a blocking inhibitor, a pigment, a dye, or thelike may be added as needed.

The heat shielding material (for example, inorganic heat shielding fineparticles or an organic heat shielding material) may be contained in thelayer B. As the heat shielding fine particles, the same heat shieldingfine particles as the ones which can be contained in the layer A can beused.

In the case where the heat shielding material is contained in the layerB, the infrared absorbing ability of the heat shielding material isproportional to the optical path length (m) when infrared light passesthrough the layer B and the concentration (g/m³) of the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer B. Therefore, the infrared absorbing ability ofthe heat shielding material is proportional to the area density (g/m²)of the heat shielding material in the layer B.

In the case where cesium-doped tungsten oxide is used as the heatshielding material in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 0.10 or more, more preferably 0.15 ormore, and further more preferably 0.20 or more. When the area density(g/m²) of the heat shielding material in the layer B is less than 0.10,a sufficient heat shielding effect tends to be difficult to obtain. Inthe case where cesium-doped tungsten oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 1.00 or less, more preferably 0.70 or less, andfurther more preferably 0.50 or less. When the area density (g/m²) ofthe heat shielding material in the layer B exceeds 1.00, in the casewhere a laminated glass is formed, the visible light transmittance tendsto be decreased, the haze tends to be deteriorated, the weatherresistance tends to be decreased, or the change in color differencetends to be increased.

In the case where tin-doped indium oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 0.50 or more, more preferably 1.00 or more,furthermore preferably 1.50 or more, particularly preferably 2.25 ormore, and most preferably 3.00 or more. In the case where tin-dopedindium oxide is used as the heat shielding material in the layer B, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 15.00or less, more preferably 10.50 or less, and further more preferably 7.50or less.

In the case where antimony-doped tin oxide is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 or more, andfurthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case where antimony-dopedtin oxide is used as the heat shielding material in the layer B, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 10.00or less, more preferably 7.00 or less, and further more preferably 5.00or less.

In the case where a phthalocyanine compound is used as the heatshielding material in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 0.010 or more, more preferably 0.015 ormore, and further more preferably 0.020 or more. In the case where aphthalocyanine compound is used as the heat shielding material in thelayer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material ispreferably 0.100 or less, more preferably 0.070 or less, and furthermore preferably 0.050 or less.

In the case where aluminum-doped zinc oxide is used as the heatshielding material in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heatshielding material is preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 ormore, and furthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case wherealuminum-doped zinc oxide is used as the heat shielding material in thelayer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material ispreferably 10.00 or less, more preferably 7.00 or less, and further morepreferably 5.00 or less.

In the case where zinc antimonate is used as the heat shielding materialin the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shielding materialis preferably 1.00 or more, more preferably 1.50 or more, and furthermore preferably 2.00 or more. In the case where zinc antimonate is usedas the heat shielding material in the layer B, the area density (g/m²)of the heat shielding material is preferably 10.00 or less, morepreferably 7.00 or less, and further more preferably 5.00 or less.

In the case where lanthanum hexaboride is used as the heat shieldingmaterial in the layer B, the area density (g/m²) of the heat shieldingmaterial is preferably 0.02 or more, more preferably 0.03 or more, andfurther more preferably 0.04 or more. In the case where lanthanumhexaboride is used as the heat shielding material in the layer B, thearea density (g/m²) of the heat shielding material is preferably 0.20 orless, more preferably 0.14 or less, and further more preferably 0.10 orless.

In one additional preferred embodiment of the interlayer film forlaminated glass of the invention, a heat shielding material is containedin the layer B. Further, it is preferred that at least one type of UVabsorber is further contained in at least the layer B. By configuringthe interlayer film for laminated glass as described above, for example,in the case where the layer A is used as an inner layer and the layer Bis used as an outer layer, the thermoplastic elastomer in the layer A isprotected from UV light, and also the heat shielding properties of theinterlayer film for laminated glass can be enhanced.

In the case where the interlayer film for laminated glass of theinvention has a three-layer structure of layer B/layer A/layer B usingthe layer B as an outer layer, by adopting an embodiment in which a heatshielding material is contained in the layer B, infrared light passesthrough the optical path length of the two layers B, and therefore, theheat shielding properties can be enhanced without deteriorating thevisible light transmittance or haze of the laminated glass.

In the interlayer film for laminated glass of the invention, it ispreferred that a UV absorber is contained in at least the layer B. Byincorporating the UV absorber in at least the layer B, when the layer Ais used as an inner layer, the layer A can be protected from UV light.As a result, in the case where a laminated glass is formed, thedeterioration of the haze or the decrease in the weather resistance canbe prevented, or the change in color difference can be suppressed.

Examples of the UV absorber which can be used in the layer B include thesame UV absorbers as the ones which may be contained in the layer A.

The area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer B is preferably0.2 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and further more preferably0.7 or more. When the area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in thelayer B is less than 0.1, in the case where a laminated glass is formed,the haze tends to be deteriorated, the weather resistance tends to bedecreased, or the change in color difference tends to be increased.

The area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in the layer B is preferably10.0 or less, more preferably 5.0 or less, and further more preferably3.0 or less. When the area density (g/m²) of the UV absorber in thelayer B exceeds 10.0, in the case where a laminated glass is formed, thevisible light transmittance tends to be decreased, the haze tends to bedeteriorated, the weather resistance tends to be decreased, or thechange in color difference tends to be increased.

The addition amount of the UV absorber is preferably 10 ppm or more, andmore preferably 100 ppm or more on a mass basis with respect to thethermoplastic resin contained in the layer B. When the addition amountis less than 10 ppm, it is sometimes difficult to exhibit a sufficienteffect. Incidentally, as the UV absorber, two or more types can be usedin combination.

The addition amount of the UV absorber is preferably 50,000 ppm or less,and more preferably 10,000 ppm or less on a mass basis with respect tothe thermoplastic resin contained in the layer B. Even if the additionamount is set to more than 50,000 ppm, a marked effect cannot beexpected.

The plasticizer is not particularly limited, and a carboxylic acidester-based plasticizer such as a monovalent carboxylic acid ester-basedplasticizer or a polyvalent carboxylic acid ester-based plasticizer; aphosphoric acid ester-based plasticizer, an organic phosphite-basedplasticizer, or the like, and other than these, a polymeric plasticizersuch as a carboxylic acid polyester-based plasticizer, a carbonic acidpolyester-based plasticizer, or a polyalkylene glycol-based plasticizer;or a hydroxycarboxylic acid ester-based plasticizer such as an estercompound of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol such ascastor oil or an ester compound of a hydroxycarboxylic acid and amonohydric alcohol can also be used.

The monovalent carboxylic acid ester-based plasticizer is a compoundobtained by a condensation reaction of a monovalent carboxylic acid suchas butanoic acid, isobutanoic acid, hexanoic acid, 2-ethylbutanoic acid,heptanoic acid, octylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, or lauric acid witha polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol,polypropylene glycol, or glycerin, and specific examples of the compoundinclude triethylene glycol di-2-diethylbutanoate, triethylene glycoldiheptanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycoldioctanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutanoate, tetraethyleneglycol diheptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate,tetraethylene glycol dioctanoate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate,PEG 400 di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol mono-2-ethylhexanoate,and a completely or partially esterified product of glycerin ordiglycerin with 2-ethylhexanoic acid. Here, the “PEG 400” refers topolyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 350 to 450.

Examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid ester-based plasticizerinclude compounds obtained by a condensation reaction of a polyvalentcarboxylic acid such as adipic acid, succinic acid, azelaic acid,sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, ortrimellitic acid with an alcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms such asmethanol, ethanol, butanol, hexanol, 2-ethylbutanol, heptanol, octanol,2-ethylhexanol, decanol, dodecanol, butoxyethanol, butoxyethoxyethanol,or benzyl alcohol. Specific examples of the compound include dihexyladipate, di-2-ethylbutyl adipate, diheptyl adipate, dioctyl adipate,di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, di(butoxyethyl) adipate, di(butoxyethoxyethyl)adipate, mono(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, dibutyl sebacate, dihexyl sebacate,di-2-ethylbutyl sebacate, dibutyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate,di(2-ethylbutyl) phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, benzylbutyl phthalate, and didodecyl phthalate.

Examples of the phosphoric acid-based plasticizer or the phosphorousacid-based plasticizer include compounds obtained by a condensationreaction of phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid with an alcohol having 1to 12 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, butanol, hexanol,2-ethylbutanol, heptanol, octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, decanol, dodecanol,butoxyethanol, butoxyethoxyethanol, or benzyl alcohol. Specific examplesof the compound include trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate,tripropyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate,tri (butoxyethyl) phosphate, and tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphite.

The carboxylic acid polyester-based plasticizer may be a carboxylic acidpolyester obtained by alternating copolymerization of a polyvalentcarboxylic acid such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, adipicacid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid,1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, or1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid with a polyhydric alcohol such asethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethyleneglycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol,1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol,1,5-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-heptanediol,1,7-heptanediol, 1,2-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol,1,9-nonanediol, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, 1,2-decanediol,1,10-decanediol, 1,2-dodecanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol,1,2-cyclohexanediol, 1,3-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol,1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, or1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane; a polymer of a hydroxycarboxylic acid(hydroxycarboxylic acid polyester) such as an aliphatichydroxycarboxylic acid (such as glycolic acid, lactic acid,2-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid,6-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 8-hydroxyhexanoic acid, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid,or 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid), or a hydroxycarboxylic acid having anaromatic ring [such as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid or4-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzoic acid]; or a carboxylic acid polyester obtainedby ring-opening polymerization of a lactone compound such as analiphatic lactone compound (such as γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone,δ-valerolactone, β-methyl-δ-valerolactone, δ-hexanolactone,ε-caprolactone, or lactide) or a lactone compound having an aromaticring (such as phthalide). The terminal structure of such a carboxylicacid polyester is not particularly limited and may be a hydroxy group ora carboxyl group, or the terminal hydroxy group or the terminal carboxylgroup may be reacted with a monovalent carboxylic acid or a monohydricalcohol to form an ester bond.

Examples of the carbonic acid polyester-based plasticizer include acarbonic acid polyester obtained by alternating copolymerization of apolyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol,1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol,1,4-butylene glycol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol,1,2-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol,3-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 1,2-heptanediol, 1,7-heptanediol,1,2-octanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, 1,9-nonanediol,2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, 1,2-decanediol, 1,10-decanediol,1,2-dodecanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanediol,1,3-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol,1,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, 1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane, or1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane with a carbonic acid ester such asdimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate through a transesterificationreaction. The terminal structure of such a carbonic acid polyestercompound is not particularly limited, but may be a carbonic acid estergroup, a hydroxy group, or the like.

Examples of the polyalkylene glycol-based plasticizer include a polymerobtained by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide such asethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or oxetane using amonohydric alcohol, a polyhydric alcohol, a monovalent carboxylic acid,or a polyvalent carboxylic acid as an initiator.

As the hydroxycarboxylic acid ester-based plasticizer, a monohydricalcohol ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid (such as methyl ricinoleate,ethyl ricinoleate, butyl ricinoleate, methyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate, ethyl6-hydroxyhexanoate, or butyl 6-hydroxyhexanoate), or a polyhydricalcohol ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid [such as ethylene glycoldi(6-hydroxyhexanoic acid) ester, diethylene glycol di(6-hydroxyhexanoicacid) ester, triethylene glycol di(6-hydroxyhexanoic acid) ester,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol di(6-hydroxyhexanoic acid) ester,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol di(2-hydroxybutyric acid) ester,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol di(3-hydroxybutyric acid) ester,3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol di(4-hydroxybutyric acid) ester, triethyleneglycol di(2-hydroxybutyric acid) ester, glycerin tri (ricinoleic acid)ester, di(1-(2-ethylhexyl)) L-tartrate, or castor oil], and other thanthese, a compound in which hydroxycarboxylic acid-derived groups innumber of k in a polyhydric alcohol ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acidhave been substituted with a carboxylic acid-derived group containing nohydroxy groups or a hydrogen atom can also be used, and as thehydroxycarboxylic acid esters, those obtained by a conventionally knownmethod can be used.

In the invention, these plasticizers may be used alone or a two or moretypes may be used in combination.

In the case where a plasticizer is contained in the layer B, from theviewpoint of compatibility of the plasticizer with the resin(particularly the polyvinyl acetal resin) to be used in the layer B, alow transferability to another layer, and the enhancement ofnontransferability, it is preferred to use an ester-based plasticizer oran ether-based plasticizer which has a melting point of 30° C. or lowerand a hydroxyl value of 15 mgKOH/g or more and 450 mgKOH/g or less, oran ester-based plasticizer or an ether-based plasticizer which isamorphous and has a hydroxyl value of 15 mgKOH/g or more and 450 mgKOH/gor less. Here, the term “amorphous” refers to that the melting point isnot observed at a temperature of −20° C. or higher. The hydroxyl valueis preferably 15 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 30 mgKOH/g or more,and most suitably 45 mgKOH/g or more. Further, the hydroxyl value ispreferably 450 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 360 mgKOH/g or less, andmost suitably 280 mgKOH/g or less. Examples of the ester-basedplasticizer include polyesters (the above-mentioned carboxylic acidpolyester-based plasticizer, carbonic acid polyester-based plasticizer,and the like) and hydroxycarboxylic acid ester compounds (theabove-mentioned hydroxycarboxylic acid ester-based plasticizer and thelike) satisfying the above conditions, and examples of the ether-basedplasticizer include polyether compounds (the above-mentionedpolyalkylene glycol-based plasticizer and the like) satisfying the aboveconditions.

The content of the plasticizer is preferably 50 parts by mass or less,more preferably 25 parts by mass or less, further more preferably 20parts by mass or less, particularly preferably 10 parts by mass or less,more particularly preferably 6 parts by mass or less, and mostpreferably 0 parts by mass (that is, the plasticizer is not contained)with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin such as apolyvinyl acetal resin or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or anionomer resin. When the content of the plasticizer exceeds 50 parts bymass, the shear storage modulus of the layer B and the laminate tends tobe decreased. Further, two or more types of plasticizers may be used incombination.

As the plasticizer, a compound having a hydroxy group can be used,however, the ratio of the content of the compound having a hydroxy groupwith respect to the total amount of the plasticizer to be used in thelayer B is preferably 10 mass % or more, more preferably 15 mass % ormore, and further more preferably 20 mass % or more. The ratio of thecontent of the compound having a hydroxy group with respect to the totalamount of the plasticizer to be used in the layer B is preferably 100mass % or less, more preferably 99 mass % or less, and further morepreferably 98 mass % or less. The compound having a hydroxy group hashigh compatibility with a polyvinyl acetal resin and has lowtransferability to another resin layer, and therefore, the compoundhaving a hydroxy group can be favorably used.

As the antioxidant which may be contained in the layer B, the sameantioxidant as the one which is contained in the layer A is used.

The antioxidants can be used alone or two or more types can be used incombination. The area density of the antioxidant in the layer B ispreferably 0.1 g/m² or more, more preferably 0.2 g/m² or more, andfurther more preferably 0.5 g/m² or more. When the area density of theantioxidant in the layer B is less than 0.1 g/m², the layer B is easilyoxidized, and in the case where the laminated glass is used for a longperiod of time, the change in color difference is increased, and so on,and thus, the weather resistance tends to be decreased.

The area density of the antioxidant in the layer B is preferably 2.5g/m² or less, more preferably 1.5 g/m² or less, and further morepreferably 2.0 g/m² or less. When the area density of the antioxidant inthe layer B exceeds 2.5 g/m², the color tone of the layer B tends to beimpaired or the haze of the laminated glass tends to be decreased.

The blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 0.001 parts by massor more, and more preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more with respect to100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal resin. When the amount of theantioxidant is less than 0.001 parts by mass, it is sometimes difficultto exhibit a sufficient effect.

The blending amount of the antioxidant is preferably 5 parts by mass orless, more preferably 4 parts by mass or less, and most preferably 3parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinylacetal resin. Even if the amount of the antioxidant is set to more than5 parts by mass, a marked effect cannot be expected.

As the light stabilizer which may be contained in the layer B, the samelight stabilizer as the one which is contained in the layer A is used.

The blending amount of the light stabilizer is preferably 0.01 parts bymass or more, and more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more withrespect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin such as apolyvinyl acetal resin. When the amount of the light stabilizer is lessthan 0.01 parts by mass, it is sometimes difficult to exhibit asufficient effect. Further, the content of the light stabilizer ispreferably 10 parts by mass or less, and more preferably 5 parts by massor less. Even if the amount of the light stabilizer is set to more than10 parts by mass, a marked effect cannot be expected. The area densityof the light stabilizer in the layer B is preferably 0.05 g/m² or more,and more preferably 0.5 g/m² or more. Further, the area density ispreferably 70 g/m² or less, and more preferably 30 g/m² or less.

Further, in order to control the adhesiveness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass to a glass or the like, an adhesive strength adjustingagent and/or any of various additives for adjusting the adhesiveness maybe contained in the layer B as needed.

As the various additives for adjusting the adhesiveness, those disclosedin WO 03/033583 can also be used, and an alkali metal salt or analkaline earth metal salt is preferably used, and examples thereofinclude salts of potassium, sodium, magnesium, and the like. Examples ofthe salts include salts of organic acids such as carboxylic acids suchas octanoic acid, hexanoic acid, butyric acid, acetic acid, and formicacid; and inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.

The most suitable addition amount of each of the adhesive strengthadjusting agent and/or the various additives for adjusting theadhesiveness varies depending on the additive to be used, however, it ispreferred to adjust the adhesive strength of the interlayer film forlaminated glass to be obtained to a glass as measured by the Pummel test(described in WO 03/033583) to generally 3 or more and 10 or less, andto 3 or more and 6 or less in the case where particularly highpenetration resistance is needed, and to 7 or more and 10 or less in thecase where high shatterproof properties are needed. In the case wherehigh shatterproof properties are required, a method in which theadhesive strength adjusting agent is not added is also a useful method.

[Interlayer Film for Laminated Glass]

In the invention, at least one surface of the interlayer film forlaminated glass is shaped. By shaping at least one surface of theinterlayer film for laminated glass, in the case where a laminated glassis produced, an air bubble present at an interface between theinterlayer film for laminated glass and a glass easily escapes to theoutside of the laminated glass, and thus, the appearance of thelaminated glass can be made favorable. It is preferred to shape at leastone surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass by an embossingroll method, melt fracture, or the like. By shaping the surface of theinterlayer film for laminated glass, a concave portion and/or a convexportion are/is formed on the surface of the interlayer film forlaminated glass.

Examples of a method for shaping the surface of the interlayer film forlaminated glass include a conventionally known embossing roll method, aprofile extrusion method, and an extrusion lip embossing methodutilizing melt fracture. Among these, an embossing roll method ispreferred for stably obtaining the interlayer film for laminated glasshaving uniform and fine concave and convex portions formed thereon.

An embossing roll to be used in the embossing roll method can beproduced by, for example, using an engraving mill (mother mill) having adesired concave-convex pattern and transferring the concave-convexpattern to the surface of a metal roll. Further, an embossing roll canalso be produced using laser etching. Further, after forming a fineconcave-convex pattern on the surface of a metal roll as describedabove, the surface with the fine concave-convex pattern is subjected toa blast treatment using an abrasive material such as aluminum oxide,silicon oxide, or glass beads, whereby a finer concave-convex patterncan also be formed.

Further, the embossing roll to be used in the embossing roll method ispreferably subjected to a release treatment. In the case where anembossing roll which is not subjected to a release treatment is used, itbecomes difficult to release the interlayer film for laminated glassfrom the embossing roll. Examples of a method for the release treatmentinclude known methods such as a silicone treatment, a Teflon (registeredtrademark) treatment, and a plasma treatment.

The depth of the concave portion and/or the height of the convex portion(hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the height of the embossedportion”) of the surface of the interlayer film for laminated glassshaped by an embossing roll method or the like are/is preferably 5 μm ormore, more preferably 10 μm or more, and further more preferably 20 μmor more. When the height of the embossed portion is 5 μm or more, in thecase where a laminated glass is produced, an air bubble present at aninterface between the interlayer film for laminated glass and a glass isless likely to remain, and thus, the appearance of the laminated glasstends to be improved.

The height of the embossed portion is preferably 150 μm or less, morepreferably 100 μm or less, and further more preferably 80 μm or less.When the height of the embossed portion is 150 μm or less, in the casewhere a laminated glass is produced, the adhesiveness between theinterlayer film for laminated glass and a glass becomes favorable, andthus, the appearance of the laminated glass tends to be improved.

In the invention, the height of the embossed portion refers to a maximumheight roughness (Rz) defined in JIS B 0601 (2001). The height of theembossed portion can be measured by, for example, utilizing the confocalprinciple of a laser microscope or the like. Incidentally, the height ofthe embossed portion, that is, the depth of the concave portion or theheight of the convex portion may vary within a range that does notdepart from the gist of the invention.

Examples of the form of the shape imparted by an embossing roll methodor the like include a lattice, an oblique lattice, an oblique ellipse,an ellipse, an oblique groove, and a groove. Among these, the form ispreferably an oblique lattice, an oblique groove, or the like from theviewpoint that an air bubble more favorably escapes. The inclinationangle is preferably from 10° to 80° with respect to the film flowdirection (MD direction).

The shaping by an embossing roll method or the like may be performed onone surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, or may beperformed on both surfaces, but is more preferably performed on bothsurfaces. Further, the shaping pattern may be a regular pattern or anirregular pattern.

A laminate constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass of theinvention can be favorably used also as the interlayer film forlaminated glass having excellent sound insulating properties and heatshielding properties. The interlayer film for laminated glass iscomposed of a laminate in which the layer A described above is laminatedbetween at least two layers B described above.

From the viewpoint of improving the color tone while achieving bothsound insulating properties and heat shielding properties when alaminated glass is formed, the interlayer film for laminated glass ofthe invention is preferably such that in the case where a laminatedglass in which the interlayer film is sandwiched between two clearglasses with the total thickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less isformed, the visible light transmittance thereof is 70% or more and theaverage transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800to 1,100 nm thereof is 70% or less. In order to form an interlayer filmfor laminated glass satisfying the above configuration, it is preferredto form an interlayer film for laminated glass in which at least onelayer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer is included and theabove-mentioned heat shielding material is contained in at least onelayer.

From the viewpoint of ensuring the visibility when a laminated glass isformed with a clear glass, the visible light transmittance thereof ispreferably 70% or more, and more preferably 72% or more. When thevisible light transmittance in the case where a laminated glass isformed is less than 70%, the visibility of the laminated glass tends tobe impaired.

Similarly, from the viewpoint of further improving the heat shieldingproperties when a laminated glass is formed with a clear glass, theaverage transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800to 1,100 nm thereof is preferably 70% or less, more preferably 59% orless, and further more preferably 58% or less. When the averagetransmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800 to 1,100nm in the case where a laminated glass is formed exceeds 70%, the heatshielding properties tend to be decreased.

From the viewpoint of improving the color tone while achieving bothsound insulating properties and heat shielding properties when alaminated glass is formed, the interlayer film for laminated glass ofthe invention is preferably such that in the case where a laminatedglass in which the interlayer film is sandwiched between two greenglasses with the total thickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less isformed, the visible light transmittance thereof is 70% or more and theaverage transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800to 1,100 nm thereof is 32% or less. In order to form an interlayer filmfor laminated glass satisfying the above configuration, it is preferredto form an interlayer film for laminated glass in which at least onelayer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer is included and theabove-mentioned heat shielding material is contained in at least onelayer.

From the viewpoint of ensuring the visibility when a laminated glass isformed with a green glass, the visible light transmittance thereof ispreferably 70% or more, and more preferably 72% or more. When thevisible light transmittance in the case where a laminated glass isformed is less than 70%, the color tone of the laminated glass tends tobe impaired.

Similarly, from the viewpoint of further improving the heat shieldingproperties when a laminated glass is formed with a green glass, theaverage transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800to 1,100 nm thereof is preferably 32% or less, and more preferably 31%or less. When the average transmittance of infrared light in thewavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm in the case where a laminated glassis formed exceeds 32%, the heat shielding properties tend to bedecreased.

From the viewpoint of improving the weather resistance and suppressingthe change in color difference, the interlayer film for laminated glassof the invention is preferably such that in the case where a laminatedglass in which the interlayer film is sandwiched between two glasseswith the total thickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less is formed anda weathering test is performed for the laminated glass by exposure for200 hours under the conditions that the irradiance is 180 W/m², theblack panel temperature is 60° C., and the relative humidity is 50%, thechange in color difference ΔE*ab in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4: 2013for the laminated glass between before and after the weathering test is2.0 or less. In order to form an interlayer film for laminated glasssatisfying the above configuration, it is preferred to form aninterlayer film for laminated glass in which at least one layer Acontaining a thermoplastic elastomer is included and a heat shieldingmaterial is contained in at least one layer.

From the viewpoint of further improving the weather resistance andfurther suppressing the change in color difference when a laminatedglass is formed, the change in color difference ΔE*ab thereof is morepreferably 1.8 or less, and furthermore preferably 1.5 or less. When thechange in color difference ΔE*ab thereof under the above conditionsexceeds 2.0, the laminated glass tends to be easily discolored yellow bythe long-term use thereof.

The interlayer film for laminated glass of the invention is preferablysuch that in the case where a laminated glass in which the interlayerfilm is sandwiched between two glasses with the total thickness of theglasses being 4 mm or less is formed, the haze thereof is 5 or less.

From the viewpoint of forming a laminated glass having a highertransparency, the haze thereof is more preferably 4 or less, furthermore preferably 3 or less, and particularly preferably 2 or less. In thecase where a laminated glass is formed, when the haze thereof exceeds 5,the transparency is decreased, so that it tends not to be suitable for alaminated glass for a car or the like.

The interlayer film for laminated glass of the invention is preferablysuch that in the case where a laminated glass in which the interlayerfilm is sandwiched between two glasses is formed, the sound transmissionloss thereof at 4,000 Hz as measured under the conditions of ASTM E90-09 (Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne SoundTransmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements) is 37 dB or more.In the case where a laminated glass is formed, when the soundtransmission loss thereof at 4,000 Hz as measured under the conditionsof ASTM E 90-09 is less than 37 dB, the sound insulating properties ofthe laminated glass tends to be decreased. From the viewpoint of forminga laminated glass having higher sound insulating properties, the soundtransmission loss thereof at 4,000 Hz as measured under the conditionsof ASTM E 90-09 is more preferably 38 dB or more, and further morepreferably 40 dB or more. Also in the case where a laminated glass inwhich the interlayer film is sandwiched between two glasses with thetotal thickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less is formed, it ispreferred to satisfy the above sound transmission loss.

The ratio of the total thickness of the layer A to the total thicknessof the layer B constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass ofthe invention (the total thickness of the layer A/the total thickness ofthe layer B) is preferably 1/30 or more, more preferably 1/15 or more,further more preferably 1/8 or more, and still further more preferably1/5 or more. When the ratio is 1/30 or more, the sound insulating effectof the interlayer film for laminated glass tends to be improved.

The ratio of the total thickness of the layer A to the total thicknessof the layer B (the total thickness of the layer A/the total thicknessof the layer B) is preferably 1/1 or less, more preferably 1/2 or less,and further more preferably 1/3 or less. When the ratio is 1/1 or less,the heat creep resistance of the interlayer film for laminated glass andthe bending strength when a laminated glass is formed tend to beimproved.

The laminate constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass of theinvention may have a two-layer structure of layer A/layer B, or can havea laminated structure in which the layer A (1) is sandwiched between thelayer B (2a) and the layer B (2b) as shown in FIG. 1. The laminatedstructure of the laminate can be determined according to the intendeduse, however, other than a laminated structure of layer B/layer A/layerB, a laminated structure of layer B/layer A/layer B/layer A or layerB/layer A/layer B/layer A/layer B may be adopted.

Further, at least one layer (named “layer C”) other than the layer A andthe layer B may be included, and for example, a laminated structure oflayer B/layer A/layer C/layer B, layer B/layer A/layer B/layer C, layerB/layer C/layer A/layer C/layer B, layer B/layer C/layer A/layer B/layerC, layer B/layer A/layer C/layer B/layer C, layer C/layer B/layerA/layer B/layer C, layer C/layer B/layer A/layer C/layer B/layer C,layer C/layer B/layer C/layer A/layer C/layer B/layer C, or the like maybe adopted. Further, in the above laminated structure, the components inthe layer C may be the same or different. The same shall apply also tothe components in the layer A or the layer B.

As the layer C, a layer composed of a known resin can be used, and forexample, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene,polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, polytetrafluorethylene, an acrylicresin, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyester (polyethyleneterephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate), a cyclic polyolefin,polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone,polyethersulfone, polyarylate, a liquid crystalline polymer, polyimide,or the like can be used. Further, also to the layer C, an additive suchas a plasticizer, an antioxidant, a UV absorber, a light stabilizer, anadhesive strength adjusting agent, a blocking inhibitor, a pigment, adye, or a heat shielding material (for example, inorganic heat shieldingfine particles or an organic heat shielding material having an infraredabsorbing ability) may be added as needed.

The heat shielding material may be contained in the layer B. As the heatshielding material, the same heat shielding material as the one whichcan be contained in the layer A can be used.

The content of the heat shielding material is preferably 0.1 mass % ormore, and more preferably 0.2 mass % or more, and also preferably 5 mass% or less, and more preferably 3 mass % or less with respect to thetotal resin used in the layer constituting the laminate. When the heatshielding material is contained in an amount of more than 5 mass %, thevisible light transmittance may be sometimes affected. The averageparticle diameter of the inorganic heat shielding fine particles ispreferably 100 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less from theviewpoint of transparency. Incidentally, the average particle diameterof the inorganic heat shielding fine particles as used herein refers toa value measured with a laser diffractometer.

[Production Method for Laminate (Interlayer Film for Laminated Glass)]

A production method for the laminate constituting the interlayer filmfor laminated glass of the invention is not particularly limited, andanother additive is blended in the above-mentioned thermoplastic resinor thermoplastic elastomer as needed, and the resulting mixture isuniformly kneaded, the respective layers such as the layer A and thelayer B are formed by a known film forming method such as an extrusionmethod, a calendaring method, a pressing method, a casting method, or aninflation method, and these layers may be laminated, or the layer A, thelayer B, and another necessary layer may be molded by a coextrusionmethod. In the case where the interlayer film for laminated glass isproduced by a coextrusion method, it is preferred to set the temperatureof a cooling roll to 20 to 100° C.

Among the known film forming methods, particularly, a method for forminga film (sheet) using an extruder is favorably adopted. The resintemperature during extrusion is preferably 150° C. or higher, and morepreferably 170° C. or higher. Further, the resin temperature duringextrusion is preferably 250° C. or lower, and more preferably 230° C. orlower. When the resin temperature is too high, there is a concern thatthe polyvinyl acetal resin and the thermoplastic elastomer aredecomposed to deteriorate the resin. On the other hand, when thetemperature is too low, the ejection from the extruder is not stable tocause a mechanical problem. In order to efficiently remove a volatilesubstance, it is preferred to remove the volatile substance by reducingpressure from the vent port of the extruder.

The thickness of the laminate is preferably 20 μm or more, and morepreferably 100 μm or more. When the thickness of the laminate is toothin, lamination cannot be favorably performed when a laminated glass isformed in some cases. Further, the thickness of the laminate ispreferably 10,000 μm or less, and more preferably 3,000 μm or less. Whenthe thickness of the laminate is too thick, the cost is increased, andtherefore, such a thickness is not preferred.

[Laminated Glass]

The sound insulting properties of a laminated glass can be evaluatedbased on a loss factor obtained by a damping test using a centralexciting method. The damping test is a test for evaluating how the lossfactor changes depending on the frequency or temperature. The lossfactor which reaches the maximum in a certain temperature range when thefrequency is set constant is referred to as “maximum loss factor”. Themaximum loss factor is an index indicating the goodness of the dampingproperties, and specifically is an index representing how fast thebending vibration generated on a plate-shaped object is damped. That is,it can be said that the maximum loss factor is used as an index of thesound insulating properties, and as the maximum loss factor of alaminated glass is higher, the sound insulating properties of thelaminated glass is higher.

In the invention, a laminated glass is formed using the laminate as theinterlayer film for laminated glass, and in the case where a dampingtest is performed for the obtained laminated glass by a central excitingmethod, the maximum loss factor at a frequency of 2,000 Hz and atemperature of 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower is preferably 0.20 ormore, more preferably 0.25 or more, and further more preferably 0.28 ormore. When the maximum loss factor under the above conditions is lessthan 0.20, the sound insulating properties of the laminated glass ispoor, so that it tends not to be suitable for use for the purpose ofsound insulation. The laminated glass having a maximum loss factor asmeasured under the above conditions of 0.20 or more can be obtained by,for example, laminating a layer A including a composition containing anelastomer which has a peak maximum in tan δ in the range of −40 to 30°C. and a plurality of layers B having a shear storage modulus at atemperature of 25° C. as measured by performing a complex shearviscosity test of 10.0 MPa or more such that the layer A is laminatedbetween at least two layers B.

From the viewpoint of achieving both sound insulating properties andheat shielding properties, the laminated glass of the invention ispreferably a laminated glass which includes an interlayer film forlaminated glass, in which at least one layer A containing athermoplastic elastomer is included and a heat shielding material iscontained in at least one layer, sandwiched between at least twoglasses, and has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more and anaverage transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of 800to 1,100 nm of 70% or less. In order to form a laminated glasssatisfying the above configuration, it is preferred to form a laminatedglass using an interlayer film for laminated glass in which at least onelayer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer is included and a heatshielding material is contained in at least one layer. The heatshielding material is preferably at least one material selected from thegroup consisting of tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide,zinc antimonate, metal-doped tungsten oxide, a phthalocyanine compound,aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and lanthanum hexaboride.

By having the structure of the interlayer film for laminated glass ofthe invention inside the laminated glass, a laminated glass havingexcellent bending strength can be obtained. Due to this, the laminatedglass of the invention can be favorably used for a glass for awindshield of a car, side windows of a car, a sunroof of a car, ahead-up display, and the like. Further, the laminated glass of theinvention can also be favorably used as a glass for construction. In thecase where the laminated glass having the structure of the interlayerfilm for laminated glass of the invention therein is applied to a glassfor a head-up display, the shape of the cross section of the interlayerfilm for laminated glass to be used is preferably thick on one end faceside and thin on the other end face side. In such a case, the shape ofthe cross section may be a wedge as a whole such that the thicknessgradually decreases from one end face side to the other end face side,or a part of the cross section may have the shape of a wedge such thatthe thickness is the same from one end face to an arbitrary positionbetween the one end face and the other end face, and the thicknessgradually decreases from the arbitrary position to the other end face.

In the laminated glass of the invention, generally two glasses are used.The thickness of the glass constituting the laminated glass of theinvention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 mm or less.Further, since the interlayer film for laminated glass of the inventionhas excellent bending strength, even when the laminated glass is formedusing a thin plate glass having a thickness of 2.8 mm or less, thestrength of the laminated glass is not impaired, and thus, the reductionin the weight of the laminated glass can be realized. From the viewpointof reduction in the weight, the thickness of at least one glass ispreferably 2.8 mm or less, more preferably 2.5 mm or less, furthermorepreferably 2.0 mm or less, and particularly preferably 1.8 mm or less.

The thicknesses of the two glasses may be the same or different. Forexample, even when the thickness of one glass is set to 1.8 mm or moreand the thickness of the other glass is set to 1.8 mm or less, and adifference in the thickness between the two glasses is set to 0.2 mm ormore, a laminated glass in which optical unevenness is reduced can beformed without deteriorating the sound insulating properties, heatshielding properties, weather resistance, or the like of the laminatedglass.

[Production Method for Laminated Glass]

The laminated glass of the invention can be produced by a conventionallyknown method. Examples of the method include a method using a vacuumlaminator device, a method using a vacuum bag, a method using a vacuumring, and a method using a nip roll. Further, a method of applying anautoclave step after temporary pressure bonding can also be additionallyperformed.

In the case of using a vacuum laminator device, for example, a knownapparatus to be used in the production of a solar battery is used, andlamination is performed under a reduced pressure of 1×10⁻⁶ MPa or moreand 3×10⁻² MPa or less at a temperature of 100° C. or higher and 200° C.or lower, particularly at a temperature of 130° C. or higher and 170° C.or lower. The method using a vacuum bag or a vacuum ring is describedin, for example, European Patent No. 1235683, and for example,lamination is performed under a pressure of about 2×10⁻² MPa at atemperature of 130° C. or higher and 145° C. or lower.

Examples of the production method for the laminated glass include, inthe case where a nip roll is used, a method in which first temporarypressure bonding is performed at a temperature equal to or lower thanthe flow initiation temperature of the polyvinyl acetal resin, andthereafter temporary pressure bonding is further performed under theconditions of a temperature close to the flow initiation temperature.Specific examples thereof include a method in which heating is performedat 30° C. or higher and 100° C. or lower by an infrared heater or thelike, and thereafter, air is removed with a roll, and further heating isperformed at 50° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower, and then, bonding ortemporary bonding is performed by pressure bonding with a roll.

Further, the laminated glass may be formed by putting glasses in whichthe layer B is applied to both surfaces of the layer A together andlaminating the glasses so that the interlayer film for laminated glassof the invention is included inside the laminated glass.

The autoclave step to be performed additionally after temporary pressurebonding is performed, for example, under a pressure of about 1 MPa ormore and 15 MPa or less at a temperature of 130° C. or higher and 155°C. or lower for about 0.5 hours or more and 2 hours or less, althoughdepending on the thickness or structure of a module.

The glass to be used when forming the laminated glass with theinterlayer film for laminated glass of the invention is not particularlylimited, and an inorganic glass such as a float plate glass, a polishedplate glass, a figured plate glass, a wire-reinforced plate glass, or aheat-absorbing plate glass, and other than these, a conventionally knownorganic glass such as poly(methyl methacrylate) or polycarbonate, or thelike can be used, and these may be either colorless or colored, oreither transparent or non-transparent. These may be used alone or two ormore types may be used in combination. Further, the thickness of theglass is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 mm or less.

EXAMPLES

Hereinafter, the invention will be specifically described by way ofExamples and Comparative Examples, however, the invention is not limitedto these Examples.

Incidentally, as the polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) used in the followingExamples and Comparative Examples, a resin obtained by acetalization ofpolyvinyl alcohol having a viscosity-average polymerization degree (aviscosity-average polymerization degree measured in accordance with JISK 6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”) which is the same as thedesired viscosity-average polymerization degree with n-butyl aldehyde inthe presence of a hydrochloric acid catalyst was used.

Example 1

Preparation of Composition for Layer A

In a pressure resistant container purged with nitrogen and dried, 50.0kg of cyclohexane as a solvent and 76 g of sec-butyllithium as ananionic polymerization initiator were placed, and then, 313 g oftetrahydrofuran as a Lewis base was placed (sec-butyllithium contains a10.5 mass % cyclohexane solution, and therefore, the substantialaddition amount of sec-butyllithium is 8.0 g). After the temperatureinside the pressure resistant container was increased to 50° C., 0.5 kgof styrene was added thereto and polymerization was performed for 1hour. Subsequently, a mixed liquid composed of 8.2 kg of isoprene and6.5 kg of butadiene was added thereto and polymerization was performedfor 2 hours, and further 1.5 kg of styrene was added thereto andpolymerization was performed for 1 hour, whereby a reaction mixturecontaining a polystyrene-poly(isoprene/butadiene)-polystyrene triblockcopolymer was obtained.

To the reaction mixture, a Ziegler-based hydrogenation catalyst formedfrom nickel octylate and trimethyl aluminum was added under a hydrogenatmosphere, and a reaction was performed for 5 hours under theconditions of a hydrogen pressure of 1 MPa and 80° C. The reactionmixture was left to cool and depressurized, and then, the metal catalystwas removed by washing with water, followed by vacuum drying, whereby ahydrogenated product of thepolystyrene-poly(isoprene/butadiene)-polystyrene triblock copolymer(hereinafter referred to as “TPE-1”) was obtained.

In TPE-1, cesium tungsten oxide (manufactured by Sumitomo Metal MiningCo., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as “CWO”) as a heat shieldingmaterial, Tinuvin 326 as a UV absorber, Cyanox 2777 as an antioxidant,and Tinuvin 622SF as a light stabilizer were mixed, whereby acomposition constituting the layer A was prepared. The blending amountswere adjusted so that the area density of the heat shielding material inthe layer A was 0.25 g/m², the area density of the UV absorber in thelayer A was 1.0 g/m², the area density of the antioxidant in the layer Awas 0.20 g/m², and the area density of the light stabilizer in the layerA was 1.6 g/m².

Incidentally, Tinuvin 326 used as the UV absorber is2-(5-chloro-2-benzotriazolyl)-6-tert-butyl-p-cresol (manufactured byCiba Specialty Chemicals, Inc.). Cyanox 2777 used as the antioxidant isa mixture of1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-(1H,3H,5H)-trioneand tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphate (manufactured by CytecIndustries Incorporated). Tinuvin 622SF used as the light stabilizer isa polymer of dimethyl succinate and4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine ethanol (manufactured by CibaSpecialty Chemicals, Inc.).

Further, maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene (Youmex 1010,manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added as an agentfor adjusting the adhesive strength to the layer B in an amount of 5parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of TPE-1, whereby acomposition for the layer A containing TPE-1 as a main component wasprepared. Here, the main component refers to a component whose mass isthe largest in the composition, and in the case where a plasticizer iscontained, the component also including the plasticizer is referred toas “main component”.

(Preparation of Composition for Layer B)

As the main component of the layer B, polyvinyl butyral (PVB-1) having aviscosity-average polymerization degree of about 1,100, an acetalizationdegree of 68.7 mol %, a vinyl acetate unit content of 0.8 mol %, and avinyl alcohol unit content of 30.5 mol % was used.

In the above PVB-1, Tinuvin 326 as a UV absorber was mixed, whereby acomposition constituting the layer B was prepared. The composition wasprepared by adjusting the blending amount so that the area density ofthe UV absorber in the layer B was 5.1 g/m².

(Formation of Interlayer Film for Laminated Glass)

The composition for the layer A was introduced into a T die (amulti-manifold type with a width of 500 mm) at 205° C. under theconditions of a temperature of 210° C. and an ejection amount of 4 kg/husing a vent-type single-screw extruder with a diameter of 50 mm, andthe composition for the layer B was introduced into the T die under theconditions of a temperature of 205° C. and an ejection amount of 24 kg/husing a vent-type single-screw extruder with a diameter of 65 mm. Themolded material coextruded from the T die was nipped by two metallicmirror finish rolls, one of which was heated to 50° C. and the other ofwhich was heated to 60° C., and taken up at a take-up speed of 1.2m/min, whereby an interlayer film (thickness: 760 μm) having athree-layer structure of layer B/layer A/layer B (thickness: 330 μm/100μm/330 μm) was molded. The molded interlayer film (obtained laminate)was allowed to pass between a metal embossing roll (the inclinationangle with respect to the laminate flow direction: 45°, the pitch: 150μm, the width of a vertex portion of a convex portion: 50 μm, the widthof a bottom portion of a concave portion: 30 μm, the height from abottom portion of a concave portion to a vertex portion of a convexportion: 100 μm) and an elastic rubber roll, whereby an embossed patternwas formed on one surface thereof, and by allowing the laminate to passtherebetween again, an embossed pattern is formed on the other surfacethereof. At this time, the molding was performed under the conditionsthat the temperature of the surface of the embossing roll was set to 80°C., the temperature of the surface of the elastic rubber roll was set to30° C., the linear pressure between the embossing roll and the elasticrubber roll was set to 0.1 MPa, and the line speed was set to 0.5 m/min.

(Formation of Laminated Glass)

The interlayer film for laminated glass obtained in Example 1 wassandwiched between two commercially available green glasses (50 mm(length)×50 mm (width)×1.6 mm (thickness)), and by using a vacuumlaminator (1522N, manufactured by Nisshinbo Mechatronics, Inc.), alaminated glass was formed under the conditions that a hot platetemperature was 165° C., a vacuuming time was 12 minutes, a pressingpressure was 50 kPa, and a pressing time was 17 minutes. The obtainedlaminated glass was used for measuring the below-mentioned visible lighttransmittance, average infrared light transmittance, change in colordifference, and haze.

1. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Measurement of Shear StorageModulus of Composition for Layer A, Main Component of Layer A,Composition for Layer B, and Main Component of Layer B)

In accordance with ASTM D4065-06, a mechanical spectrometer (model:DMA/SDTA861e, manufactured by Mettler Toledo, Inc.) was used. Thecomposition for the layer A, the composition for the Layer B, and themain components of the layer A and the layer B (here, the polymer ineach layer is the main component, however, as for the layers containinga plasticizer in the below-mentioned Examples and Comparative Examples,the polymer and the plasticizer are the main component) were separatelyhot-pressed at 210° C. and 5 MPa for 5 minutes, whereby samples forevaluation were formed, and each sample was cut into a cylindrical shapehaving a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 3 to 10 mm (the diameterdoes not affect the result) and used as a test sample.

To each of the above test samples, a fixed sinusoidal shear oscillationat a frequency of 1,000 Hz with a maximum shear strain amplitude of 0.1%was applied, the measurement temperature was increased from −20° C. to60° C. at a constant rate of 1° C./min, and a shear storage modulus wasmeasured. The measurement result of the shear storage modulus at 70° C.is shown in Table 3.

2. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Measurement of Elastic Limit ofLayer A)

The composition for the layer A obtained in Example 1 was pressed at210° C. and 5 MPa for 5 minutes, whereby the layer A having a thicknessof 0.76 mm was molded. A test sample obtained by cutting the moldedlayer A into a width of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm was used formeasuring the elastic limit of the layer A with an autograph AG-ISmanufactured by Shimazu Corporation under the conditions that a distancebetween chucks was 50 mm and a tensile rate was 100 mm/min. Themeasurement result is shown in Table 3.

3. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Evaluation of Heat CreepResistance of Laminated Glass)

As shown in FIG. 4, the interlayer film for laminated glass 73 obtainedin Example 1 was sandwiched between float glasses 71 and 72 having alength of 300 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm, and byusing a vacuum laminator (1522N, manufactured by Nisshinbo Mechatronics,Inc.), a laminated glass 70 was formed under the conditions that a hotplate temperature was 165° C., a vacuuming time was 12 minutes, apressing pressure was 50 kPa, and a pressing time was 17 minutes.

As shown in FIG. 5, an iron plate 81 with a weight of 1 kg was bonded toone surface of the glass 72 using an instant adhesive, whereby alaminated glass 80 having an iron plate bonded thereto was formed.

As shown in FIG. 6, the laminated glass 80 was leaned against a stand 91and left for 1 week in a chamber at 100° C. Thereafter, a distance thatthe glass 72 slid down was measured, and the distance was evaluatedaccording to the following criteria, and the evaluation was regarded asthe evaluation for the heat creep resistance.

<Evaluation Criteria>

A: The distance that the glass 72 slid down is 1 mm or less.

B: The distance that the glass 72 slid down exceeds 1 mm.

4. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Calculation of Amount of ResidualDouble Bonds Derived from Aliphatic Unsaturated Hydrocarbon MonomerUnit)

An iodine value was measured before and after the hydrogenation of theblock copolymer obtained in Example 1, and calculation was performedfrom the measured values. The calculation result of the amount ofresidual double bonds is shown in Table 2.

5. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Calculation of Sum of Contents of1,2-Bonds and 3,4-Bonds in Aliphatic Unsaturated Hydrocarbon Units(Isoprene Unit and Butadiene Unit))

50 mg of the hydrogenated product of the block copolymer obtained inExample 1 was dissolved in deuterated chloroform, and ¹H-NMR measurementwas performed. The contents of 1,2-bonds and 3,4-bonds in an isopreneunit and a butadiene unit are measured, respectively, and the sum of thecontents thereof was calculated. The calculation result of the sum ofthe contents of 1,2-bonds and 3,4-bonds in an isoprene unit and abutadiene unit is shown in Table 2.

6. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Tan δ Peak Height and PeakTemperature of Layer A and Layer B)

A mechanical spectrometer (model: DMA/SDTA861e, manufactured by MettlerToledo, Inc.) was used for measuring the dynamic viscoelasticity of theinterlayer film for laminated glass in accordance with ASTM D4065-06.The layer A and the layer B obtained in Example 1 were cut into acylindrical shape having a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 3 to 5 mm(the diameter does not affect the result), respectively, and used astest samples.

To each of the above test samples, a fixed sinusoidal shear oscillationat a frequency of 1,000 Hz with a maximum shear strain amplitude of 0.1%was applied, and the measurement temperature was increased from −20° C.to 60° C. at a constant rate of 1° C./min. In accordance with thedefinition of ASTM D4092-07, the tan δ peak heights and peaktemperatures of the layer A and the layer B were obtained. Themeasurement results of the tan δ peak heights and peak temperatures ofthe layer A and the layer B are shown in Table 3.

7. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Evaluation of Optical Unevennessof Laminated Glass)

With respect to the laminated glass obtained in Example 1, the presenceor absence of optical unevenness (a rippling pattern or a continuousline) was confirmed by observing the laminated glass by direct visualinspection. Further, S-light (manufactured by Nippon Gijutsu Center Co.,Ltd.) was used as a light source, the laminated glass obtained above wasdisposed horizontally at a distance of 30 cm from the light source,light passing through the laminated glass was projected onto a whitescreen disposed at a distance of 70 cm from the laminated glass, and thepresence or absence of optical unevenness was confirmed. The opticalunevenness of the laminated glass was evaluated according to thefollowing criteria. The evaluation result of the optical unevenness ofthe laminated glass is shown in Table 3.

<Evaluation Criteria>

A: Optical unevenness is not observed by visual inspection or lightprojection.

B: Optical unevenness is not observed by direct visual inspection, butis observed by light projection.

C: Optical unevenness is observed by direct visual inspection.

8. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Measurement of Height of EmbossedPortion)

The surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass was measuredusing a Keyence laser microscope (VK-X200), and the maximum heightroughness (Rz) was obtained in accordance with JIS B 0601 (2001). Themeasurement result of the height of an embossed portion is shown inTable 3.

9. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Measurement of Visible LightTransmittance of Laminated Glass)

A visible light transmittance was measured at 20° C. using aspectrometer U-4100 (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech ScienceCorporation) in accordance with JIS R 3106. The measurement result ofthe visible light transmittance is shown in Table 3.

10. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Measurement of AverageTransmittance of Infrared Light in Wavelength Range of 800 to 1,100 nmof Laminated Glass)

An average transmittance of infrared light in the wavelength range of800 to 1,100 nm was measured at 20° C. using a spectrometer U-4100. Themeasurement result of the average transmittance of infrared light in thewavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm is shown in Table 3.

11. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Evaluation of Change in ColorDifference ΔE*ab of Laminated Glass)

[Weathering Test]

A weathering test was performed for the formed laminated glass byexposure for 200 hours under the conditions that the irradiance was 180W/m², the black panel temperature was 60° C., and the relative humiditywas 50% using a weathering testing machine (Super Xenon Weather MeterSX75, manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.).

[Measurement of Change in Color Difference ΔE*ab]

In accordance with JIS Z 8781-4: 2013, the color difference of thelaminated glass was measured using a color-difference meter (SM-T,manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) before and after theweathering test. A value obtained by subtracting the color difference ofthe laminated glass after the weathering test from the color differenceof the laminated glass before the weathering test was determined as thechange in the color difference ΔE*ab. The measurement result of thechange in the color difference ΔE*ab is shown in Table 3.

12. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Evaluation of Sound TransmissionLoss of Laminated Glass)

The sound transmission loss of the laminated glass was measured by amethod defined in ASTM E 90-09 (Standard Test Method for LaboratoryMeasurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitionsand Elements). The measurement result of the sound transmission loss isshown in Table 3.

13. Evaluation of Physical Properties (Evaluation of Haze of LaminatedGlass)

The haze of the laminated glass was measured in accordance with JIS K7105. The measurement result of the haze of the laminated glass is shownin Table 3.

Example 2

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that instead of blending CWOin the layer A, CWO was blended in the layer B, and the area densitythereof in the layer B was set to 0.28 g/m², and the evaluation of therespective physical properties was performed. The composition and thethickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table2, and the evaluation result of the respective physical properties isshown in Table 3.

Example 3

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer B, insteadof using 100 parts by mass of PVB-1, a mixture of 100 parts by mass ofPVB-2 (shown in Table 1) and 15 parts by mass of a polyester polyol wasused, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 2, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 3. Incidentally, asthe polyester polyol, Kuraray Polyol P-510(poly[(3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol)-alt-(adipic acid)], manufactured byKuraray Co., Ltd.) was used.

Example 4

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer B, insteadof using 100 parts by mass of PVB-1, a mixture of 100 parts by mass ofPVB-2 and 37 parts by mass of a polyester polyol was used, and theevaluation of the respective physical properties was performed. Thecomposition and the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glassare shown in Table 2, and the evaluation results of the respectivephysical properties are shown in Table 3.

Example 5

In a pressure resistant container purged with nitrogen and dried, 50 kgof cyclohexane as a solvent and 130 g of sec-butyllithium as an anionicpolymerization initiator were placed, and then, 290 g of tetrahydrofuranas a Lewis base was placed (sec-butyllithium contains a 10.5 mass %cyclohexane solution, and therefore, the substantial addition amount ofsec-butyllithium is 13.9 g). After the temperature inside the pressureresistant container was increased to 50° C., 1.8 kg of styrene was addedthereto and polymerization was performed for 1 hour. Subsequently, 13.2kg of isoprene was added thereto and polymerization was performed for 2hours, and further 1.8 kg of styrene was added thereto andpolymerization was performed for 1 hour, whereby a reaction mixturecontaining a polystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene triblock copolymer wasobtained.

To the reaction mixture, a Ziegler-based hydrogenation catalyst formedfrom nickel octylate and trimethyl aluminum was added under a hydrogenatmosphere, and a reaction was performed for 5 hours under theconditions of a hydrogen pressure of 1 MPa and 80° C. The reactionmixture was left to cool and depressurize, and then, palladium on carbonwas removed by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated. Further,the filtrate was vacuum-dried, whereby a hydrogenated product of thepolystyrene-polyisoprene-polystyrene triblock copolymer (hereinafterreferred to as “TPE-2”) was obtained. Then, TPE-2 and TPE-1 weremelt-kneaded at 200° C. at amass ratio of 1:1, whereby TPE-3 wasobtained.

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that as the main component ofthe layer A, TPE-3 was used in place of TPE-1, the thickness of thelayer A was set to 250 μm, and the thickness of the layer B was set to255 μm, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 2, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 1 Polymer- Acetalization Vinyl acetate Vinyl alcohol ization PVBdegree (mol %) unit (mol %) unit (mol %) degree PVB-1 68.7 0.8 30.5 1100PVB-2 68.9 0.8 30.3 1700 PVB-3 74.4 8.1 17.5 2400

TABLE 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Layer MainType TPE-1 TPE-1 TPE-1 TPE-1 TPE-3 A com- Content of polymer block (a)(mass %) 12 12 12 12 16 ponent Content of polymer block (b) (mass %) 8888 88 88 84 Mass ratio of monomers of polymer block (b) Ip:Bd = Ip:Bd =Ip:Bd = Ip:Bd = Ip:Bd = 55:45 55:45 55:45 55:45 77.5:22.5 Sum ofcontents of 1,2-bonds and 60 60 60 60 57.5 3,4-bonds (mol %) Amount ofresidual double bonds (mol %) 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 10.3 Content (parts bymass) 100 100 100 100 100 Additive Heat shielding Type CWO — CWO CWO CWOmaterial Area density (g/m²) 0.25 — 0.25 0.25 0.25 UV absorber TypeTinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Area density(g/m²) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Antioxidant Type Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777 Area density (g/m²) 0.20 0.20 0.200.20 0.20 Light stabilizer Area density (g/m²) 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6Adhesive strength Content (parts by mass) 5 5 5 5 5 adjusting agentLayer Main Type PVB-1 PVB-1 PVB-2 PVB-2 PVB-1 B com- Content (parts bymass) 100 100 100 100 100 ponent Plasticizer Type — — P-510 P-510 —Content (parts by mass) — — 15 37 — Additive Heat shielding Type — CWO —— — material Area density (g/m²) — 0.28 — — — UV absorber Type Tinuvin326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Area density (g/m²)5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 Thickness of each layer Layer B/layer 330/100/330330/100/330 330/100/330 330/100/330 255/250/255 A/layer B (μm) *Bd:butadiene unit, Ip: isoprene unit *P-510: polyester polyol

TABLE 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Layer Shearstorage modulus [1,000 Hz, 70° C.] (MPa) 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.31 1.32 AElastic limit [20° C.] (N) 6.6 6.2 6.6 6.6 8.4 Tan δ peak temperature (°C.) 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.1 11.3 Tan δ peak value 1.52 1.53 1.52 1.52 1.45 MainTan δ peak temperature (° C.) 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.1 component Tan δ peakvalue 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.68 Layer Shear storage modulus [1,000 Hz,70° C.] (MPa) 213.2 213.2 23.4 2.2 213.2 B Tan δ peak temperature (° C.)88.9 89.2 70.7 49.9 88.9 Tan δ peak value 1.67 1.68 1.56 1.42 1.67 MainTan δ peak temperature (° C.) 90.0 90.0 70.8 50.0 90.0 Component Tan δpeak value 1.69 1.69 1.57 1.43 1.69 Laminated Height of embossed portion(μm) 35 35 35 35 35 glass Optical unevenness B B B B A Heat creepresistance A A A A A Visible light transmittance (%) 84.7 84.3 84.6 84.584.6 (clear glass) Average infrared transmittance (%) 64.8 63.7 64.764.6 64.7 (clear glass) Visible light transmittance (%) 78.3 77.9 78.278.4 78.1 (green glass) Average infrared transmittance (%) 28.0 26.927.9 28.1 27.8 (green glass) Change in color difference (ΔE*ab) 0.8 1.00.9 0.8 0.8 Haze 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 Sound transmission loss [4,000 Hz](dB) 41.5 41.5 41.6 41.5 40.8

Example 6

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer A, insteadof setting the area density of CWO to 0.25 g/m², the area density of CWOwas set to 0.16 g/m², and further, ITO (tin-doped indium oxide,manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Electronic Chemicals Co., Ltd.) wasadded and the area density of ITO was set to 0.75 g/m², and theevaluation of the respective physical properties was performed. Thecomposition and the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glassare shown in Table 4, and the evaluation results of the respectivephysical properties are shown in Table 5.

Example 7

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer A, ITO wasused in place of CWO, and the area density of ITO was set to 1.50 g/m²,and the evaluation of the respective physical properties was performed.The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film for laminatedglass are shown in Table 4, and the evaluation results of the respectivephysical properties are shown in Table 5.

Example 8

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 7 except that in the layer A, the areadensity of ITO was set to 4.70 g/m², and the evaluation of therespective physical properties was performed. The composition and thethickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table4, and the evaluation results of the respective physical properties areshown in Table 5.

TABLE 4 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Layer Main Type TPE-1 TPE-1 TPE-1A com- Content of polymer block (a) (mass %) 12 12 12 ponent Content ofpolymer block (b) (mass %) 88 88 88 Mass ratio of monomers of polymerblock (b) Ip:Bd = 55:45 Ip:Bd = 55:45 Ip:Bd = 55:45 Sum of contents of1,2-bonds and 60 60 60 3,4-bonds (mol %) Amount of residual double bonds(mol %) 8.5 8.5 8.5 Content (parts by mass) 100 100 100 Additive Heatshielding material Type CWO/ITO ITO ITO Area density (g/m²) 0.16/0.751.50 4.70 UV absorber Type Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Areadensity (g/m²) 1.0 1.0 1.0 Antioxidant Type Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777Cyanox 2777 Area density (g/m²) 0.20 0.20 0.20 Light stabilizer TypeTinuvin 622SF Tinuvin 622SF Tinuvin 622SF Area density (g/m²) 1.6 1.61.6 Adhesive strength Content (parts by mass) 5 5 5 adjusting agentLayer Main Type PVB-1 PVB-1 PVB-1 B com- Content (parts by mass) 100 100100 ponent Additive Heat shielding Type — — — material Area density(g/m²) — — — UV absorber Type Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Areadensity (g/m²) 5.1 5.1 5.1 Thickness of each layer Layer B/layer330/100/330 330/100/330 330/100/330 A/layer B (μm) *Bd: butadiene unit,Ip: isoprene unit

TABLE 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Layer A Shear Storage modulus[1,000 Hz, 70° C.] (MPa) 1.31 1.31 1.31 Elastic limit [20° C.] (N) 6.66.6 6.6 Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 3.3 3.4 3.5 Tan δ peak value 1.511.53 1.54 Main Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 2.0 2.0 2.0 component Tan δpeak value 1.75 1.75 1.75 Layer B Shear Storage modulus [1,000 Hz, 70°C.] (MPa) 213.2 213.2 213.2 Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 88.9 88.9 88.9Tan δ peak value 1.67 1.67 1.67 Main Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 90.090.0 90.0 component Tan δ peak value 1.69 1.69 1.69 Laminated Opticalunevenness B B B glass Heat creep resistance A A A Visible lighttransmittance (%) 84.7 84.9 81.6 (clear glass) Average infraredtransmittance (%) 67.8 71.6 69.9 (clear glass) Visible lighttransmittance (%) 78.4 78.6 75.2 (green glass) Average infraredtransmittance (%) 31.0 34.9 33.1 (green glass) Change in colordifference (ΔE*ab) 0.6 0.7 1.4 Haze 0.7 0.8 1.1 Sound transmission loss[4,000 Hz] (dB) 41.5 41.5 41.5

Example 9

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that as the main component ofthe layer A, TPE-2 was used in place of TPE-1, the thickness of thelayer A was set to 330 μm, the thickness of the layer B was set to 215μm, and the UV absorber was not used in the layer B, and the evaluationof the respective physical properties was performed. The composition andthe thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown inTable 6, and the evaluation results of the respective physicalproperties are shown in Table 7.

Example 10

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 2 except that as the main component ofthe layer A, TPE-2 was used in place of TPE-1, the thickness of thelayer A was set to 330 μm, and the thickness of the layer B was set to215 μm, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 6, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 7.

Example 11

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the hydrogenationtreatment of the block copolymer used in the layer A, the supply amountof hydrogen was set to 50 mol % with respect to the amount of doublebonds in the block copolymer so that a hydrogenated product in which theamount of residual double bonds is 50 mol % (hereinafter referred to as“TPE-4”) was formed, and the UV absorber was not used in the layer B,and the evaluation of the respective physical properties was performed.The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film for laminatedglass are shown in Table 6, and the evaluation results of the respectivephysical properties are shown in Table 7.

Example 12

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the hydrogenationtreatment of the block copolymer used in the layer A, instead of settingthe hydrogen pressure to 1 MPa, the hydrogen pressure was set to 10 MPaso that a hydrogenated product in which the amount of residual doublebonds is 1 mol % (hereinafter referred to as “TPE-5”) was formed, andthe UV absorber was not used in the layer B, and the evaluation of therespective physical properties was performed. The composition and thethickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table6, and the evaluation results of the respective physical properties areshown in Table 7.

Comparative Example 1

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer A, in placeof 100 parts by mass of TPE-1, a mixture of 100 parts by mass of PVB-3(shown in Table 1) and 50 parts by mass of 3G8 (triethylene glycoldi-2-ethylhexanoate) was used, and the heat shielding material, the UVabsorber, the antioxidant, the light stabilizer, and the adhesivestrength adjusting agent were not used, and in the layer B, a mixture of100 parts by mass of PVB-2 and 38 parts by mass of 3G8 was used, and theUV absorber was not used, and the evaluation of the respective physicalproperties was performed. The composition and the thickness of theinterlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table 6, and theevaluation results of the respective physical properties are shown inTable 7.

Comparative Example 2

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer A, in placeof 100 parts by mass of TPE-1, a mixture of 100 parts by mass of PVB-3and 50 parts by mass of 3G8 (triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate) wasused, and the adhesive strength adjusting agent was not used, and in thelayer B, in place of 100 parts by mass of PVB-1, a mixture of 100 partsby mass of PVB-2 (shown in Table 1) and 38 parts by mass of 3G8 wasused, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 6, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 7.

TABLE 6 Com- Com- parative parative Example 9 Example 10 Example 11Example 12 Example 1 Example 2 Layer Main Type TPE-2 TPE-2 TPE-4 TPE-5PVB-3 PVB-3 A com- Content of polymer block (a) (mass %) 20 20 12 12 — —ponent Content of polymer block (b) (mass %) 80 80 88 88 — — Mass ratioof monomers of polymer block (b) Ip = Ip = Bd:Ip = Bd:Ip = — — 100 10045:55 45:55 Sum of contents of 1,2-bonds and 55 55 60 60 — — 3,4-bonds(mol %) Amount of residual double bonds (mol %) 12 12 50 1 — — Content(parts by mass) 100 100 100 100 100 100 Plasticizer Type — — — — 3G8 3G8Content (parts by mass) — — — — 50 50 Additive Heat shielding Type CWO —CWO CWO — CWO material Area density (g/m²) 0.25 — 0.25 0.25 — 0.25 UVabsorber Type Tinuvin Tinuvin Tinuvin Tinuvin — Tinuvin 326 326 326 326326 Area density (g/m²) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 — 1.0 Antioxidant Type CyanoxCyanox Cyanox Cyanox — Cyanox 2777 2777 2777 2777 2777 Area density(g/m²) 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 — 0.20 Light stabilizer Area density (g/m²)1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 — 1.6 Adhesive strength adjusting agent (parts by mass)5 5 5 5 — — Layer Main Type PVB-1 PVB-1 PVB-1 PVB-1 PVB-2 PVB-2 B com-Content (parts by mass) 100 100 100 100 100 100 ponent Plasticizer Type— — — — 3G8 3G8 Content (parts by mass) — — — — 38 38 Additive Heatshielding Type — CWO — — — — material Area density (g/m²) — 0.28 — — — —UV absorber Type — Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 — Tinuvin 326Area density (g/m²) — 5.1 5.1 5.1 — 5.1 Thickness of each layer LayerB/layer 215/ 215/ 330/ 330/ 330/ 330/ A/layer B (μm) 330/215 330/215100/330 100/330 100/330 100/330 *Bd: butadiene unit, Ip: isoprene unit*3G8: triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate

TABLE 7 Comparative Comparative Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example12 Example 1 Example 2 Layer Shear storage modulus [1,000 Hz, 70° C.](MPa) 1.33 1.33 1.31 1.31 0.21 0.21 A Elastic limit [20° C.] (N) 10.510.1 6.6 6.6 4.0 5.1 Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 19.4 19.5 3.1 3.126.2 26.2 Tan δ peak value 1.38 1.39 1.52 1.52 1.55 1.55 Main Tan δ peaktemperature (° C.) 18.3 18.3 2.0 2.0 26.3 26.3 component Tan δ peakvalue 1.60 1.60 1.75 1.75 1.56 1.56 Layer Shear storage modulus [1,000Hz, 70° C.] (MPa) 213.2 213.2 213.2 213.2 1.19 1.19 B Tan δ peaktemperature (° C.) 88.9 89.2 88.9 88.9 50.1 50.1 Tan δ peak value 1.671.68 1.67 1.67 1.30 1.30 Main Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 90.0 90.090.0 90.0 50.2 50.2 component Tan δ peak value 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.69 1.311.31 Laminated Height of embossed portion (μm) 35 35 35 35 38 38 glassOptical unevenness A A B B C C Heat creep resistance A A A B A A Visiblelight transmittance (%) 84.7 84.3 84.7 84.7 86.4 84.7 (clear glass)Average infrared transmittance (%) 64.8 63.7 64.8 64.8 73.9 64.8 (clearglass) Visible light transmittance (%) 78.3 77.9 78.3 78.3 80.2 78.3(green glass) Average infrared transmittance (%) 28.0 26.9 28.0 28.037.1 28.0 (green glass) Change in color difference (ΔE*ab) 1.1 1.0 5.80.4 0.4 2.3 Haze 2.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.3 Sound transmission loss [4,000Hz] (dB) 38.3 38.2 41.5 41.5 37.6 37.6

Example 13

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 1 except that in the layer A, theadhesive strength adjusting agent was not used, and in the layer B,instead of using PVB-1, an ionomer (SentryGlas®) interlayer,manufactured by DuPont, Inc.) was used, and the evaluation of therespective physical properties was performed. The composition and thethickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table8, and the evaluation results of the respective physical properties areshown in Table 9.

Example 14

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 5 except that in the layer A, theadhesive strength adjusting agent was not used, and in the layer B,instead of using PVB-1, an ionomer was used, and the thickness of thelayer A was set to 160 μm, and the thickness of the layer B was set to300 μm, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 8, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 9.

Example 15

TPE-1 and TPE-2 were melt-kneaded at 200° C. at a mass ratio of 1:3,whereby TPE-6 was obtained. Then, an interlayer film for laminated glassand a laminated glass were formed in the same manner as in Example 1except that in the layer A, TPE-6 was used in place of TPE-1, and theadhesive strength adjusting agent was not used, and in the layer B, anionomer was used in place of PVB-1, and the thickness of the layer A wasset to 220 μm, and the thickness of the layer B was set to 270 μm, andthe evaluation of the respective physical properties was performed. Thecomposition and the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glassare shown in Table 8, and the evaluation results of the respectivephysical properties are shown in Table 9.

Example 16

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 15 except that instead of blending CWOin the layer A, CWO was blended in the layer B, and the area densitythereof in the layer B was set to 0.28 g/m², and the evaluation of therespective physical properties was performed. The composition and thethickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown in Table8, and the evaluation results of the respective physical properties areshown in Table 9.

Example 17

An interlayer film for laminated glass and a laminated glass were formedin the same manner as in Example 15 except that as the main component ofthe layer A, TPE-2 was used in place of TPE-6, the thickness of thelayer A was set to 330 μm, and the thickness of the layer B was set to215 μm, and the evaluation of the respective physical properties wasperformed. The composition and the thickness of the interlayer film forlaminated glass are shown in Table 8, and the evaluation results of therespective physical properties are shown in Table 9.

TABLE 8 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 LayerMain Type TPE-1 TPE-3 TPE-6 TPE-6 TPE-2 A com- Content of polymer block(a) (mass %) 12 16 18 18 20 ponent Content of polymer block (b) (mass %)88 84 82 82 80 Mass ratio of monomers of polymer block (b) Bd:Ip = Bd:Ip= Bd:Ip = Bd:Ip = Ip = 45:55 22.5:77.5 11.3:88.7 11.3:88.7 100 Sum ofcontents of 1,2-bonds and 60.0 57.5 56.3 56.3 55.0 3,4-bonds (mol %)Amount of residual double bonds (mol %) 8.5 10.3 11.1 11.1 12 Content(parts by mass) 100 100 100 100 100 Additive Heat shielding Type CWO CWOCWO — CWO material Area density (g/m²) 0.25 0.25 0.25 — 0.25 UV absorberType Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Areadensity (g/m²) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Antioxidant Type Cyanox 2777 Cyanox2777 Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777 Cyanox 2777 Area density (g/m²) 0.20 0.200.20 0.20 0.20 Light stabilizer Area density (g/m²) 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6Layer Main Type Ionomer Ionomer Ionomer Ionomer Ionomer B com- Content(parts by mass) 100 100 100 100 100 ponent Plasticizer Type — — — — —Content (parts by mass) — — — — — Additive Heat shielding Type — — — CWO— material Area density (g/m²) — — — 0.28 — UV absorber Type Tinuvin 326Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Tinuvin 326 Area density (g/m²) 5.15.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 Thickness of each layer Layer B/layer 330/100/330300/160/300 270/220/270 270/220/270 215/330/215 A/layer B (μm) *Bd:butadiene unit, Ip: isoprene unit

TABLE 9 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 LayerShear storage modulus [1,000 Hz, 70° C.] (MPa) 1.31 1.32 1.32 1.32 1.33A Elastic limit [20° C.] (N) 6.6 8.4 9.3 9.5 10.5 Tan δ peak temperature(° C.) 3.0 11.2 17.1 17.3 19.3 Tan δ peak value 1.60 1.53 1.49 1.50 1.45Main Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 2.0 10.1 12.4 12.4 18.3 component Tanδ peak value 1.75 1.68 1.64 1.64 1.60 Layer Shear storage modulus [1,000Hz, 70° C.] (MPa) 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 B Tan δ peak temperature (°C.) 82.8 82.8 82.8 82.9 82.8 Tan δ peak value 0.58 0.58 0.58 0.59 0.58Main Tan δ peak temperature (° C.) 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 83.0 componentTan δ peak value 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 Laminated Height of embossedportion (μm) 20 20 20 20 20 glass Optical unevenness B A A A A Heatcreep resistance A A A A A Visible light transmittance (%) 84.7 84.784.7 84.3 84.7 (clear glass) Average infrared transmittance (%) 64.764.7 64.7 63.7 64.8 (clear glass) Visible light transmittance (%) 78.378.3 78.3 77.9 78.3 (green glass) Average infrared transmittance (%)28.0 28.0 28.0 26.9 28.0 (green glass) Change in color difference(ΔE*ab) 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 Haze 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.5 2.0 Sound transmissionloss [4,000 Hz] (dB) 41.5 40.8 39.2 39.1 38.3

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   1 Layer A-   2 a Layer B-   2 b Layer B-   11 Tan δ of layer A-   12 Shear complex modulus G* of layer A-   70 Laminated glass-   71 Glass-   72 Glass-   73 Interlayer film for laminated glass-   80 Laminated glass-   81 Iron plate-   91 Stand

The invention claimed is:
 1. An interlayer film for laminated glass,comprising at least one layer A containing a thermoplastic elastomer,wherein the shear storage modulus of the layer A at 70° C. as measuredby performing a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hzin accordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1 MPa or more, and a layer having ahigher shear storage modulus than the layer A is provided on at leastone surface of the layer A, and at least one surface of the interlayerfilm for laminated glass is in a state of having been shaped.
 2. Theinterlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein theelastic limit of the layer A at 20° C. is 4 N or more.
 3. The interlayerfilm for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the height of anembossed portion of the shaped surface is from 10 to 150 μm.
 4. Theinterlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein thepeak maximum in tan δ as measured for the layer A by performing adynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz in accordancewith ASTM D4065-06 appears in the range of −10 to 30° C.
 5. Theinterlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein theheight of the peak maximum in tan δ as measured for the layer A byperforming a dynamic viscoelasticity test at a frequency of 1,000 Hz inaccordance with ASTM D4065-06 is 1.3 or more.
 6. The interlayer film forlaminated glass according to claim 1, wherein as the layer having ahigher shear storage modulus than the layer A, a layer B containing athermoplastic resin is provided.
 7. The interlayer film for laminatedglass according to claim 6, wherein the content of a plasticizer in thelayer B is 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass ofthe thermoplastic resin.
 8. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 6, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the layer B isa polyvinyl acetal resin.
 9. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 6, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the layer B isan ionomer resin.
 10. The interlayer film for laminated glass accordingto claim 1, wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film forlaminated glass is sandwiched between two glasses with the totalthickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has a sound transmissionloss at 4,000 Hz as measured under the conditions of ASTM E 90-09 of 37dB or more.
 11. The interlayer film for laminated glass according toclaim 1, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is composed of a hardsegment block and a soft segment block, and the hard segment block is apolystyrene block or a polymethyl methacrylate block.
 12. The interlayerfilm for laminated glass according to claim 1, further comprising a heatshielding material in at least one of the layers constituting theinterlayer film for laminated glass.
 13. The interlayer film forlaminated glass according to claim 1, wherein a laminated glass in whichthe interlayer film for laminated glass is sandwiched between two clearglasses with the total thickness of the glasses being 4 mm or less has avisible light transmittance of 70% or more and an average transmittanceof infrared light in the wavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm of 70% orless.
 14. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim 1,wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film for laminatedglass is sandwiched between two green glasses with the total thicknessof the glasses being 4 mm or less has a visible light transmittance of70% or more and an average transmittance of infrared light in thewavelength range of 800 to 1,100 nm of 32% or less.
 15. The interlayerfilm for laminated glass according to claim 1, further comprising a heatshielding material, wherein the heat shielding material is at least onematerial selected from tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide,zinc antimonate, metal-doped tungsten oxide, a phthalocyanine compound,aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and lanthanum hexaboride.
 16. The interlayerfilm for laminated glass according to claim 15, wherein the metal-dopedtungsten oxide is cesium-doped tungsten oxide.
 17. The interlayer filmfor laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein a UV absorber iscontained in at least one of the layers constituting the interlayer filmfor laminated glass.
 18. The interlayer film for laminated glassaccording to claim 17, wherein the UV absorber is at least one compoundselected from the group consisting of a benzotriazole-based compound, abenzophenone-based compound, a triazine-based compound, a benzoate-basedcompound, a malonic ester-based compound, and an oxalic anilide-basedcompound.
 19. The interlayer film for laminated glass according to claim1, wherein a laminated glass in which the interlayer film for laminatedglass is sandwiched between two glasses with the total thickness of theglasses being 4 mm or less has a haze of 5 or less.
 20. A laminatedglass, comprising the interlayer film for laminated glass according toclaim 1 disposed between two glasses.